other gland anatomy Flashcards
what endocrine glands are located in the cranial cavity
hypothalamus
pituitary
what endocrine glands are located in the neck
4 parathyroid glands
thryoid
what endocrine glands are located in the abdomen
2 adrenals
pancreas
what endocrine glands are located in the pelvis (male and female)
female = 2 ovaries in broad ligaments male = 2 testes in scrotum
what are the 3 parts of the brain
cerebellum
cerebrum = main bit
brainstem
what is a diencephalon
thalamus and hypothalamus
what does the diencephalon form
central core of the cerebrum
what is the diencephalon connected to
L & R hemispheres and midbrain
what is located in the brainstem
from anterior to inferior:
midbrain
pons
medulla oblongata
spina cord
how is the pituitary connected to the hypothalamus
via the infundibulum (aka pituitary stalk)
what are the 2 parts of the pituitary
anterior and posterior
what is the embryological origin of the anterior lobe of the pituitary
Rathke’s pouch
what is the embryological origin of the posterior lobe of the pituitary
infundibulum
what is the posterior lobe also known as
neurophypophysis
what is released by the posterior lobe
ADH
oxytocin
what is the posterior lobe made up of
pars nervosa
what is the anterior lobe also known as
adenohypophysis
what is released by the anterior lobe (6)
GH TSH ACTH FSH LH PRL
what is the anterior lobe made up of
pars distalis, pars tuberalis and pars intermedia
where is the pituitary gland located
pituitary fossa of the sphenoid bone
where is the pituitary fossa located
within the sella trucica
what structure does the pituitary lie immediately inferior to
optic chiasm
what nerves are located in the optic chiasm
CN III, IV, V1 and 2, VI
what are the surgical approaches to the pituitary
transcranial
transsphenoidal
describe the transcranial approach
subfrontal = under the frontal lobe
describe the transsphenoidal approach
via nasal cavities and sphenoid sinus
