Other BG and cerebellum

Question 1

This is a degenerative basal ganglia disease, circuits are hyperactive and it disrupts the indirect pathway

a. Dystonia
b. Wilsons Disease
c. Huntingtons disease
d. Parkinsons Disease

Answer 1

Huntingtons Disease

Question 2

This defect is in a target protein and interferes with mitochondrial function, loss of specific neuron types causing loss of ACH and GABA neurons

a. Dystonia
b. Wilsons Disease
c. Huntingtons disease
d. Parkinsons Disease

Answer 2

Huntingtons Disease

Question 3

This disorder shows extraneous movements, too much movement and disturbed fine motor control

a. Dystonia
b. Wilsons Disease
c. Huntingtons disease
d. Parkinsons Disease

Answer 3

Hungingtons disease

Question 4

A brief, irreguluar, clumsy, uncoordinated, jerky movements

a. dystonia
b. rigidity
c. spasticity
d. chorea

Answer 4

chorea

Question 5

Writhing, slower reciprocal patterns, includes facial grimacing

a. dystonia
b. rigidity
c. spasticity
d. chorea

Answer 5

dystonia

Question 6

Gait in Huntingtons Disease is

Answer 6

stride length, cadence, velocity decreased
BOS increased
lateral sway increased

Question 7

Difficulty with (internally/externally) initiated movements

Answer 7

internally

Question 8

What is often the first sign of Huntingtons Disease?

Answer 8

saccadic eye movement

Question 9

lack of judgement and memory loss is due to

Answer 9

dementia

Question 10

This patient has problems doing a complex task, imitating or doing on command

Answer 10

Huntingtons

Question 11

This test measures motor, cognitive, behavioral, IADL components

Answer 11

United Huntington Disease Rating Scale

Question 12

Intervention in this stage includes respiratory exercise, gait, balance, transfers, coordination, strengthening and postural stability

a. early stages of Huntingtons
b. later stages of Huntingtons

Answer 12

early stages

Question 13

Intervention in this stage is positioning, preservation of function and ROM, pulmonary hygiene and comfort, compensation

a. early stages of Huntingtons
b. later stages of Huntingtons

Answer 13

later stages of Huntingtons

Question 14

This is a hepatolenticular degneration

a. Dystonia
b. Wilsons Disease
c. Huntingtons disease
d. Parkinsons Disease

Answer 14

Wilsons Disease

Question 15

There is a defect in copper metabolism and degeneration of the liver and basal ganglia

a. Dystonia
b. Wilsons Disease
c. Huntingtons disease
d. Parkinsons Disease

Answer 15

Wilsons Disease

Question 16

What is the classic diagnostic sign of Wilsons Disease?

Answer 16

kayser-fleischer ring

Question 17

Kayser-Fleischer ring is typical in

a. Parkinsons disease
b. Dystonia
c. Huntingtons disease
d. Wilsons disease

Answer 17

Wilsons Disease

Question 18

a loss of ACh and GABA neurons on a PET scan is typical in

a. Dystonia
b. Wilsons Disease
c. Huntingtons disease
d. Parkinsons Disease

Answer 18

Huntingtons disease

Question 19

Liver degeneration is typical in

a. Dystonia
b. Wilsons Disease
c. Huntingtons disease
d. Parkinsons Disease

Answer 19

Wilsons Disease

Question 20

This disease has three different forms; liver involvement and no neurological loss, dystonic form and before age 20

a. Dystonia
b. Wilsons Disease
c. Huntingtons disease
d. Parkinsons Disease

Answer 20

Wilsons Disease

Question 21

Dystonic form of Wilsons Disease is common after age

Answer 21

20

Question 22

Dystonic form of Wilsons Disease is similar to

a. Dystonia
b. Huntingtons disease
c. Parkinsons Disease

Answer 22

PD

Question 23

Which form of Wilsons disease shows festinating gait and tremor

a. rapid degeneration
b. dystonic form
c. liver form

Answer 23

dystonic form

Question 24

If a patient is diagnosed with Wilsons before age 20, it is similar to _

Answer 24

Huntingtons

Question 25

Progression of Wilsons includes

Answer 25

dementia liver cirrhosis motor decline

Question 26

The stages of this disease progress as a personality disorder, KF ring, then motor function decline a. Dystonia b. Wilsons Disease c. Huntingtons disease d. Parkinsons Disease

Answer 26

Wilsons Disease

Question 27

How is Wilsons Disease managed?

Answer 27

restrict dietary copper intake/block absorption

Question 28

If copper imbalance is treated there (will/will not) be neurological signs

Answer 28

will not

Question 29

This is a sustained muscle contraction of the whole body or local area a. Dystonia b. Wilsons Disease c. Huntingtons disease d. Parkinsons Disease

Answer 29

Dystonia

Question 30

A torsional contraction with excessive coactivation interfering with timing and execution of muscle function a. Dystonia b. Wilsons Disease c. Huntingtons disease d. Parkinsons Disease

Answer 30

Dystonia

Question 31

Spasmodic torticollis is seen in a. Dystonia b. Wilsons Disease c. Huntingtons disease d. Parkinsons Disease

Answer 31

dystonia

Question 32

spasmodic troticollis is

Answer 32

focal dystonia

Question 33

Dystonia can be caused by

Answer 33

genetic orgin | unkown orgin

Question 34

this BG disorder can be caused by genetics or an unknown origin a. Dystonia b. Wilsons Disease c. Huntingtons disease d. Parkinsons Disease

Answer 34

dystonia

Question 35

How can dystonia be treated?

Answer 35

``` sensory integration eye-hand coordination tasks body movements in space motor planning and skilled execution practice grading of forces, timing and sequencing ```

Question 36

This disease intervention requires sensory integration for balance, postural control and motor control a. Dystonia b. Wilsons Disease c. Huntingtons disease d. Parkinsons Disease

Answer 36

dystonia

Question 37

the cerebellum has a major role in

Answer 37

error detection

Question 38

a vital role as error detector and feedforward movement planning

Answer 38

cerebellum

Question 39

cerebellum involved in _ movement planning

Answer 39

feedforward

Question 40

This lobe has a role in balance and eye movement a. vermis and intermediate hemispheres (spinocerebellum) b. lateral hemispheres (cerebrocerebellum) c. flocculonodular lobe (vestibulocerebellum)

Answer 40

flocculonodular lobe (vestibulocerebellum)

Question 41

This part of the cerebellum is related to the vestibular system; input from visual and vestibular and output to vestibular nuclei; involved in balance or equilibrium & gait, and in coordination of eye movements a. vermis and intermediate hemispheres (spinocerebellum) b. lateral hemispheres (cerebrocerebellum) c. flocculonodular lobe (vestibulocerebellum)

Answer 41

flocculonodular lobe (vestibulocerebellum)

Question 42

A lesion in this lobe produces wide based ataxic gait and nystagmus a. vermis and intermediate hemispheres (spinocerebellum) b. lateral hemispheres (cerebrocerebellum) c. flocculonodular lobe (vestibulocerebellum)

Answer 42

flocculonodular lobe (vestibulocerebellum)

Question 43

This area recieves input from sensory receptors via spinal cord (spinocerebellar) + visual, vestibular, auditory to fastigial and interposed nucleus; input also from the olive a. vermis and intermediate hemispheres (spinocerebellum) b. lateral hemispheres (cerebrocerebellum) c. flocculonodular lobe (vestibulocerebellum)

Answer 43

vermis and intermediate hemispheres (spinocerebellum)

Question 44

This area has functions of correcting devations in movement by comparing intended plan with feedback from SC, modulates muscle tone, feedforward mechanisms a. vermis and intermediate hemispheres (spinocerebellum) b. lateral hemispheres (cerebrocerebellum) c. flocculonodular lobe (vestibulocerebellum)

Answer 44

vermis and intermediate hemispheres (spinocerebellum)

Question 45

A lesion in this area makes muscle tone floppy a. vermis and intermediate hemispheres (spinocerebellum) b. lateral hemispheres (cerebrocerebellum) c. flocculonodular lobe (vestibulocerebellum)

Answer 45

vermis and intermediate hemispheres (spinocerebellum)

Question 46

This area functions to plan or prepare movement and evaluation of sensory info a. vermis and intermediate hemispheres (spinocerebellum) b. lateral hemispheres (cerebrocerebellum) c. flocculonodular lobe (vestibulocerebellum)

Answer 46

lateral hemispheres (cerebrocerebellum)

Question 47

Lesions in this area disrupt timing of movement a. vermis and intermediate hemispheres (spinocerebellum) b. lateral hemispheres (cerebrocerebellum) c. flocculonodular lobe (vestibulocerebellum)

Answer 47

lateral hemispheres (cerebrocerebellum)

Question 48

Which area is involved in cognition? a. vermis and intermediate hemispheres (spinocerebellum) b. lateral hemispheres (cerebrocerebellum) c. flocculonodular lobe (vestibulocerebellum)

Answer 48

lateral cerebellum

Question 49

Lesions in the cerebellum interfere with

Answer 49

learning

Question 50

Patients with cerebellum lesion have difficulty with

Answer 50

learning through repetition or practice

Question 51

Lesions of the _ patients have incorrect programing of rate and force with ataxia

Answer 51

cerebellum

Question 52

Generalized weakness primary effect sense of heaviness and low tone in muscles

Answer 52

asthenia

Question 53

Tremor in cerebellar lesion is a. resting b. intention

Answer 53

intention

Question 54

Tremor in cerebellar lesions gets (better/worse) toward end of goal directed movement

Answer 54

worse

Question 55

Cerebellar lesion have a. hypertoncity b. hypotonicity c. rigidity d. spasticity

Answer 55

hypotonicity

Question 56

Loss of distance, direction, force, speed, and timing of movement defines a. hypertonicity b. dystonia c. dysmetria d. dysdiadochokinesia

Answer 56

dysmetria

Question 57

This type of lesion shows difficulty switching between agonist and antagonist worsening as they increase speed

Answer 57

cerebellar

Question 58

This is a force scaling problem after an isometric hold

Answer 58

rebound effect

Question 59

Impairment of rapidly alternating movements a. hypertonicity b. dystonia c. dysmetria d. dysdiadochokinesia

Answer 59

dysdiadochokinesia

Question 60

This type of lesion is in the cerebellum or connections, No significant change with eyes open vs closed a. sensory ataxia b. Friedreichs ataxia c. cerebellar ataxia d. spinocerebellar ataxia

Answer 60

cerebellar ataxia

Question 61

This is a lesion in dorsal columns, significant worsening of symptoms with eyes closed a. sensory ataxia b. Friedreichs ataxia c. cerebellar ataxia d. spinocerebellar ataxia

Answer 61

sensory ataxia

Question 62

This patient demonstrates impairments in movement coordination, dysmetria, dysdiadochokinesis, movement decomposition

Answer 62

cerebellar lesion

Question 63

Which movement system diagnosis is most common with cerebellar lesion?

Answer 63

movement pattern coordination deficit | dysmetria

Question 64

Interventions for this disorder are postural stability, coordination, ambulation, conditioning, strengthening

Answer 64

cerebellar lesion

Question 65

Which cerebellar related disorders are hereditary?

Answer 65

Friedreichs ataxia | spinocerebellar ataxias

Question 66

This is a progressive degenerative disorder than can be inherited and shows initially a loss of dorsal root ganglia cells and degeneration of spinocerebellar tracts and dorsal columns a. Spinocerebellar ataxia b. Friedreichs ataxia c. alcoholic syndrome d. Sporadic Olivopontocerebellar atrophy

Answer 66

Friedreichs ataxia

Question 67

This first sign of this cerebellar disease is sensory ataxia a. Spinocerebellar ataxia b. Friedreichs ataxia c. alcoholic syndrome d. Sporadic Olivopontocerebellar atrophy

Answer 67

friedreichs ataxia

Question 68

Iron accumulates in mitochondria and attacks neurological system, cardiac and pancreas a. Spinocerebellar ataxia b. Friedreichs ataxia c. alcoholic syndrome d. Sporadic Olivopontocerebellar atrophy

Answer 68

friedreichs ataxia

Question 69

The first cardinal sign of this disease is gait ataxia a. Spinocerebellar ataxia b. Friedreichs ataxia c. alcoholic syndrome d. Sporadic Olivopontocerebellar atrophy

Answer 69

friedreichs ataxia

Question 70

A progressive symmetrical loss of strength- pelvic girdle then LE’s, trunk and UE’s spared until late in disease describes a. Spinocerebellar ataxia b. Friedreichs ataxia c. alcoholic syndrome d. Sporadic Olivopontocerebellar atrophy

Answer 70

Friedreichs ataxia

Question 71

This disease shows a gradual loss of light touch, position, and vibration sense a. Spinocerebellar ataxia b. Friedreichs ataxia c. alcoholic syndrome d. Sporadic Olivopontocerebellar atrophy

Answer 71

Friedreichs ataxia

Question 72

Blocked is better than random for this patients intervention

Answer 72

Friedreichs ataxia

Question 73

Intervention for this patient is functional training, compensatory strategies, conditioning and preventing secondary problems a. Spinocerebellar ataxia b. Friedreichs ataxia c. alcoholic syndrome d. Sporadic Olivopontocerebellar atrophy

Answer 73

Friedreichs ataxia

Question 74

This is a degeneration of spinocerebellar pathways and cerebellum a. Spinocerebellar ataxia b. Friedreichs ataxia c. alcoholic syndrome d. Sporadic Olivopontocerebellar atrophy

Answer 74

Spinocerebellar ataxia

Question 75

This is a group of degenerative diseases of the cerebellum and connection to olivary nucleus in the pons can be both inherited and non-inherited forms a. Spinocerebellar ataxia b. Friedreichs ataxia c. alcoholic syndrome d. Sporadic Olivopontocerebellar atrophy

Answer 75

Sporadic Olivopontocerebellar atrophy

Question 76

This cerebellar disease starts as limb ataxia and dysarthria in mid to older get, gradually worsens and may develop multiple system atrophy a. Spinocerebellar ataxia b. Friedreichs ataxia c. alcoholic syndrome d. Sporadic Olivopontocerebellar atrophy

Answer 76

Sporadic Olivopontocerebellar atrophy

Question 77

This cerebellar disease has parkinsonism features and problems with sweating a. Spinocerebellar ataxia b. Friedreichs ataxia c. alcoholic syndrome d. Sporadic Olivopontocerebellar atrophy

Answer 77

Sporadic Olivopontocerebellar atrophy

Question 78

This is a direct effect of alcohol on CNS, indirect from nutritional and vitamin deficiency a. Spinocerebellar ataxia b. Friedreichs ataxia c. alcoholic syndrome d. Sporadic Olivopontocerebellar atrophy

Answer 78

Alcoholic syndrome

Question 79

Chronic alcoholism leads to

Answer 79

diminished cortical function cerebellar dysfunction peripheral neuropathies

Question 80

Signs and symptoms of this are incoordination, peripheral neuropathy, seizures, ataxia, vestibular deficits a. Friedreichs Ataxia b. Spinocerebellar Ataxia c. Sporadic Olivopontocerebellar atropy d. alcholic syndrome

Answer 80

chronic alcoholism

Question 81

Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome (from B1 deficiency) is (physical/memory) loss

Answer 81

physical

Question 82

Korsakoffs is (physical/memory) loss

Answer 82

memory

Question 83

Significant damage to cerebellum over time in addition to mental status will limit success in this disease a. Spinocerebellar ataxia b. Friedreichs ataxia c. alcoholic syndrome d. Sporadic Olivopontocerebellar atrophy

Answer 83

alcoholic syndrome

Question 84

This disorder shows a lack of attention, memory, and learning deficits which limit carryover a. Spinocerebellar ataxia b. Friedreichs ataxia c. alcoholic syndrome d. Sporadic Olivopontocerebellar atrophy

Answer 84

alcoholic syndrome

Question 85

Intervention is to increase overall physical activity and conditioning, balance and stability, strengthening a. Spinocerebellar ataxia b. Friedreichs ataxia c. alcoholic syndrome d. Sporadic Olivopontocerebellar atrophy

Answer 85

alcoholic syndrome

Question 86

_ is important for treatment in alcholic syndrome

Answer 86

repetition

Question 87

This test measures Posture & gait, Limb kinetics, Speech, Eye movements a. Scale for Assessment and rating of ataxia (SARA) b. Unified Parkinsons Disease Rating scale c. MOCA d. International Cooperative Ataxia Rating Scale (ICARS)

Answer 87

International Cooperative Ataxia Rating Scale (ICARS)

Question 88

A lesion in the olivary nucleus leads to an interference in

Answer 88

learning