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Other BG and cerebellum Flashcards

1
Q

This is a degenerative basal ganglia disease, circuits are hyperactive and it disrupts the indirect pathway

a. Dystonia
b. Wilsons Disease
c. Huntingtons disease
d. Parkinsons Disease

A

Huntingtons Disease

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2
Q

This defect is in a target protein and interferes with mitochondrial function, loss of specific neuron types causing loss of ACH and GABA neurons

a. Dystonia
b. Wilsons Disease
c. Huntingtons disease
d. Parkinsons Disease

A

Huntingtons Disease

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3
Q

This disorder shows extraneous movements, too much movement and disturbed fine motor control

a. Dystonia
b. Wilsons Disease
c. Huntingtons disease
d. Parkinsons Disease

A

Hungingtons disease

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4
Q

A brief, irreguluar, clumsy, uncoordinated, jerky movements

a. dystonia
b. rigidity
c. spasticity
d. chorea

A

chorea

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5
Q

Writhing, slower reciprocal patterns, includes facial grimacing

a. dystonia
b. rigidity
c. spasticity
d. chorea

A

dystonia

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6
Q

Gait in Huntingtons Disease is

A

stride length, cadence, velocity decreased
BOS increased
lateral sway increased

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7
Q

Difficulty with (internally/externally) initiated movements

A

internally

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8
Q

What is often the first sign of Huntingtons Disease?

A

saccadic eye movement

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9
Q

lack of judgement and memory loss is due to

A

dementia

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10
Q

This patient has problems doing a complex task, imitating or doing on command

A

Huntingtons

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11
Q

This test measures motor, cognitive, behavioral, IADL components

A

United Huntington Disease Rating Scale

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12
Q

Intervention in this stage includes respiratory exercise, gait, balance, transfers, coordination, strengthening and postural stability

a. early stages of Huntingtons
b. later stages of Huntingtons

A

early stages

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13
Q

Intervention in this stage is positioning, preservation of function and ROM, pulmonary hygiene and comfort, compensation

a. early stages of Huntingtons
b. later stages of Huntingtons

A

later stages of Huntingtons

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14
Q

This is a hepatolenticular degneration

a. Dystonia
b. Wilsons Disease
c. Huntingtons disease
d. Parkinsons Disease

A

Wilsons Disease

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15
Q

There is a defect in copper metabolism and degeneration of the liver and basal ganglia

a. Dystonia
b. Wilsons Disease
c. Huntingtons disease
d. Parkinsons Disease

A

Wilsons Disease

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16
Q

What is the classic diagnostic sign of Wilsons Disease?

A

kayser-fleischer ring

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17
Q

Kayser-Fleischer ring is typical in

a. Parkinsons disease
b. Dystonia
c. Huntingtons disease
d. Wilsons disease

A

Wilsons Disease

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18
Q

a loss of ACh and GABA neurons on a PET scan is typical in

a. Dystonia
b. Wilsons Disease
c. Huntingtons disease
d. Parkinsons Disease

A

Huntingtons disease

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19
Q

Liver degeneration is typical in

a. Dystonia
b. Wilsons Disease
c. Huntingtons disease
d. Parkinsons Disease

A

Wilsons Disease

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20
Q

This disease has three different forms; liver involvement and no neurological loss, dystonic form and before age 20

a. Dystonia
b. Wilsons Disease
c. Huntingtons disease
d. Parkinsons Disease

A

Wilsons Disease

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21
Q

Dystonic form of Wilsons Disease is common after age

A

20

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22
Q

Dystonic form of Wilsons Disease is similar to

a. Dystonia
b. Huntingtons disease
c. Parkinsons Disease

A

PD

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23
Q

Which form of Wilsons disease shows festinating gait and tremor

a. rapid degeneration
b. dystonic form
c. liver form

A

dystonic form

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24
Q

If a patient is diagnosed with Wilsons before age 20, it is similar to _

A

Huntingtons

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25
Q

Progression of Wilsons includes

A

dementia
liver cirrhosis
motor decline

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26
Q

The stages of this disease progress as a personality disorder, KF ring, then motor function decline

a. Dystonia
b. Wilsons Disease
c. Huntingtons disease
d. Parkinsons Disease

A

Wilsons Disease

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27
Q

How is Wilsons Disease managed?

A

restrict dietary copper intake/block absorption

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28
Q

If copper imbalance is treated there (will/will not) be neurological signs

A

will not

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29
Q

This is a sustained muscle contraction of the whole body or local area

a. Dystonia
b. Wilsons Disease
c. Huntingtons disease
d. Parkinsons Disease

A

Dystonia

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30
Q

A torsional contraction with excessive coactivation interfering with timing and execution of muscle function

a. Dystonia
b. Wilsons Disease
c. Huntingtons disease
d. Parkinsons Disease

A

Dystonia

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31
Q

Spasmodic torticollis is seen in

a. Dystonia
b. Wilsons Disease
c. Huntingtons disease
d. Parkinsons Disease

A

dystonia

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32
Q

spasmodic troticollis is

A

focal dystonia

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33
Q

Dystonia can be caused by

A

genetic orgin

unkown orgin

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34
Q

this BG disorder can be caused by genetics or an unknown origin

a. Dystonia
b. Wilsons Disease
c. Huntingtons disease
d. Parkinsons Disease

A

dystonia

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35
Q

How can dystonia be treated?

A 
sensory integration
eye-hand coordination tasks 
body movements in space 
motor planning and skilled execution 
practice grading of forces, timing and sequencing
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36
Q

This disease intervention requires sensory integration for balance, postural control and motor control

a. Dystonia
b. Wilsons Disease
c. Huntingtons disease
d. Parkinsons Disease

37
Q

the cerebellum has a major role in

A

error detection

38
Q

a vital role as error detector and feedforward movement planning

A

cerebellum

39
Q

cerebellum involved in _ movement planning

A

feedforward

40
Q

This lobe has a role in balance and eye movement

a. vermis and intermediate hemispheres (spinocerebellum)
b. lateral hemispheres (cerebrocerebellum)
c. flocculonodular lobe (vestibulocerebellum)

A

flocculonodular lobe (vestibulocerebellum)

41
Q

This part of the cerebellum is related to the vestibular system; input from visual and vestibular and output to vestibular nuclei; involved in balance or equilibrium & gait, and in coordination of eye movements

a. vermis and intermediate hemispheres (spinocerebellum)
b. lateral hemispheres (cerebrocerebellum)
c. flocculonodular lobe (vestibulocerebellum)

A

flocculonodular lobe (vestibulocerebellum)

42
Q

A lesion in this lobe produces wide based ataxic gait and nystagmus

a. vermis and intermediate hemispheres (spinocerebellum)
b. lateral hemispheres (cerebrocerebellum)
c. flocculonodular lobe (vestibulocerebellum)

A

flocculonodular lobe (vestibulocerebellum)

43
Q

This area recieves input from sensory receptors via spinal cord (spinocerebellar) + visual, vestibular, auditory to fastigial and interposed nucleus; input also from the olive

a. vermis and intermediate hemispheres (spinocerebellum)
b. lateral hemispheres (cerebrocerebellum)
c. flocculonodular lobe (vestibulocerebellum)

A

vermis and intermediate hemispheres (spinocerebellum)

44
Q

This area has functions of correcting devations in movement by comparing intended plan with feedback from SC, modulates muscle tone, feedforward mechanisms

a. vermis and intermediate hemispheres (spinocerebellum)
b. lateral hemispheres (cerebrocerebellum)
c. flocculonodular lobe (vestibulocerebellum)

A

vermis and intermediate hemispheres (spinocerebellum)

45
Q

A lesion in this area makes muscle tone floppy

a. vermis and intermediate hemispheres (spinocerebellum)
b. lateral hemispheres (cerebrocerebellum)
c. flocculonodular lobe (vestibulocerebellum)

A

vermis and intermediate hemispheres (spinocerebellum)

46
Q

This area functions to plan or prepare movement and evaluation of sensory info

a. vermis and intermediate hemispheres (spinocerebellum)
b. lateral hemispheres (cerebrocerebellum)
c. flocculonodular lobe (vestibulocerebellum)

A

lateral hemispheres (cerebrocerebellum)

47
Q

Lesions in this area disrupt timing of movement

a. vermis and intermediate hemispheres (spinocerebellum)
b. lateral hemispheres (cerebrocerebellum)
c. flocculonodular lobe (vestibulocerebellum)

A

lateral hemispheres (cerebrocerebellum)

48
Q

Which area is involved in cognition?

a. vermis and intermediate hemispheres (spinocerebellum)
b. lateral hemispheres (cerebrocerebellum)
c. flocculonodular lobe (vestibulocerebellum)

A

lateral cerebellum

49
Q

Lesions in the cerebellum interfere with

50
Q

Patients with cerebellum lesion have difficulty with

A

learning through repetition or practice

51
Q

Lesions of the _ patients have incorrect programing of rate and force with ataxia

A

cerebellum

52
Q

Generalized weakness primary effect sense of heaviness and low tone in muscles

53
Q

Tremor in cerebellar lesion is

a. resting
b. intention

54
Q

Tremor in cerebellar lesions gets (better/worse) toward end of goal directed movement

55
Q

Cerebellar lesion have

a. hypertoncity
b. hypotonicity
c. rigidity
d. spasticity

A

hypotonicity

56
Q

Loss of distance, direction, force, speed, and timing of movement defines

a. hypertonicity
b. dystonia
c. dysmetria
d. dysdiadochokinesia

57
Q

This type of lesion shows difficulty switching between agonist and antagonist worsening as they increase speed

A

cerebellar

58
Q

This is a force scaling problem after an isometric hold

A

rebound effect

59
Q

Impairment of rapidly alternating movements

a. hypertonicity
b. dystonia
c. dysmetria
d. dysdiadochokinesia

A

dysdiadochokinesia

60
Q

This type of lesion is in the cerebellum or connections, No significant change with eyes open vs closed

a. sensory ataxia
b. Friedreichs ataxia
c. cerebellar ataxia
d. spinocerebellar ataxia

A

cerebellar ataxia

61
Q

This is a lesion in dorsal columns, significant worsening of symptoms with eyes closed

a. sensory ataxia
b. Friedreichs ataxia
c. cerebellar ataxia
d. spinocerebellar ataxia

A

sensory ataxia

62
Q

This patient demonstrates impairments in movement coordination, dysmetria, dysdiadochokinesis, movement decomposition

A

cerebellar lesion

63
Q

Which movement system diagnosis is most common with cerebellar lesion?

A

movement pattern coordination deficit

dysmetria

64
Q

Interventions for this disorder are postural stability, coordination, ambulation, conditioning, strengthening

A

cerebellar lesion

65
Q

Which cerebellar related disorders are hereditary?

A

Friedreichs ataxia

spinocerebellar ataxias

66
Q

This is a progressive degenerative disorder than can be inherited and shows initially a loss of dorsal root ganglia cells and degeneration of spinocerebellar tracts and dorsal columns

a. Spinocerebellar ataxia
b. Friedreichs ataxia
c. alcoholic syndrome
d. Sporadic Olivopontocerebellar atrophy

A

Friedreichs ataxia

67
Q

This first sign of this cerebellar disease is sensory ataxia

a. Spinocerebellar ataxia
b. Friedreichs ataxia
c. alcoholic syndrome
d. Sporadic Olivopontocerebellar atrophy

A

friedreichs ataxia

68
Q

Iron accumulates in mitochondria and attacks neurological system, cardiac and pancreas

a. Spinocerebellar ataxia
b. Friedreichs ataxia
c. alcoholic syndrome
d. Sporadic Olivopontocerebellar atrophy

A

friedreichs ataxia

69
Q

The first cardinal sign of this disease is gait ataxia

a. Spinocerebellar ataxia
b. Friedreichs ataxia
c. alcoholic syndrome
d. Sporadic Olivopontocerebellar atrophy

A

friedreichs ataxia

70
Q

A progressive symmetrical loss of strength- pelvic girdle then LE’s, trunk and UE’s spared until late in disease describes

a. Spinocerebellar ataxia
b. Friedreichs ataxia
c. alcoholic syndrome
d. Sporadic Olivopontocerebellar atrophy

A

Friedreichs ataxia

71
Q

This disease shows a gradual loss of light touch, position, and vibration sense

a. Spinocerebellar ataxia
b. Friedreichs ataxia
c. alcoholic syndrome
d. Sporadic Olivopontocerebellar atrophy

A

Friedreichs ataxia

72
Q

Blocked is better than random for this patients intervention

A

Friedreichs ataxia

73
Q

Intervention for this patient is functional training, compensatory strategies, conditioning and preventing secondary problems

a. Spinocerebellar ataxia
b. Friedreichs ataxia
c. alcoholic syndrome
d. Sporadic Olivopontocerebellar atrophy

A

Friedreichs ataxia

74
Q

This is a degeneration of spinocerebellar pathways and cerebellum

a. Spinocerebellar ataxia
b. Friedreichs ataxia
c. alcoholic syndrome
d. Sporadic Olivopontocerebellar atrophy

A

Spinocerebellar ataxia

75
Q

This is a group of degenerative diseases of the cerebellum and connection to olivary nucleus in the pons can be both inherited and non-inherited forms

a. Spinocerebellar ataxia
b. Friedreichs ataxia
c. alcoholic syndrome
d. Sporadic Olivopontocerebellar atrophy

A

Sporadic Olivopontocerebellar atrophy

76
Q

This cerebellar disease starts as limb ataxia and dysarthria in mid to older get, gradually worsens and may develop multiple system atrophy

a. Spinocerebellar ataxia
b. Friedreichs ataxia
c. alcoholic syndrome
d. Sporadic Olivopontocerebellar atrophy

A

Sporadic Olivopontocerebellar atrophy

77
Q

This cerebellar disease has parkinsonism features and problems with sweating

a. Spinocerebellar ataxia
b. Friedreichs ataxia
c. alcoholic syndrome
d. Sporadic Olivopontocerebellar atrophy

A

Sporadic Olivopontocerebellar atrophy

78
Q

This is a direct effect of alcohol on CNS, indirect from nutritional and vitamin deficiency

a. Spinocerebellar ataxia
b. Friedreichs ataxia
c. alcoholic syndrome
d. Sporadic Olivopontocerebellar atrophy

A

Alcoholic syndrome

79
Q

Chronic alcoholism leads to

A

diminished cortical function
cerebellar dysfunction
peripheral neuropathies

80
Q

Signs and symptoms of this are incoordination, peripheral neuropathy, seizures, ataxia, vestibular deficits

a. Friedreichs Ataxia
b. Spinocerebellar Ataxia
c. Sporadic Olivopontocerebellar atropy
d. alcholic syndrome

A

chronic alcoholism

81
Q

Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome (from B1 deficiency) is (physical/memory) loss

82
Q

Korsakoffs is (physical/memory) loss

83
Q

Significant damage to cerebellum over time in addition to mental status will limit success in this disease

a. Spinocerebellar ataxia
b. Friedreichs ataxia
c. alcoholic syndrome
d. Sporadic Olivopontocerebellar atrophy

A

alcoholic syndrome

84
Q

This disorder shows a lack of attention, memory, and learning deficits which limit carryover

a. Spinocerebellar ataxia
b. Friedreichs ataxia
c. alcoholic syndrome
d. Sporadic Olivopontocerebellar atrophy

A

alcoholic syndrome

85
Q

Intervention is to increase overall physical activity and conditioning, balance and stability, strengthening

a. Spinocerebellar ataxia
b. Friedreichs ataxia
c. alcoholic syndrome
d. Sporadic Olivopontocerebellar atrophy

A

alcoholic syndrome

86
Q

_ is important for treatment in alcholic syndrome

A

repetition

87
Q

This test measures Posture & gait, Limb kinetics, Speech, Eye movements

a. Scale for Assessment and rating of ataxia (SARA)
b. Unified Parkinsons Disease Rating scale
c. MOCA
d. International Cooperative Ataxia Rating Scale (ICARS)

A

International Cooperative Ataxia Rating Scale (ICARS)

88
Q

A lesion in the olivary nucleus leads to an interference in

Neuro II (11 decks)

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