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honors biology s1 & s2 > other > Flashcards

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1
Q

define density

A

how heavy something is for its size

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2
Q

Celsius of boiling water

A

100C

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3
Q

Celsius human body temp

A

37C

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4
Q

Fahrenheit of boiling water

A

212F

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5
Q

Fahrenheit normal room temp

A

72F

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6
Q

Celsius of freezing water

A

0C

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7
Q

Celsius of normal room temp

A

22C

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8
Q

Fahrenheit of freezing water

A

32F

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9
Q

Fahrenheit human body temp

A

98.6F

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10
Q

what are the four general parts of the scientific method?

A

observation, questioning, hypothesis, logical investigation

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11
Q

what is the difference between a theory and a hypothesis

A

theory is well tested while a hypothesis is unproven

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12
Q

why is “it’s just a theory” misleading?

A

people usually say it as if it’s false

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13
Q

what is a conflict of interest?

A

when a person’s interests could interfere with their judgment, decisions, or actions in the workplace.

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14
Q

example of a conflict of interest

A

being a judge or jury for a family member in court

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15
Q

five themes of biology

A

evolution, interdependence, unity in the Diversity, homeostasis, and structure=function

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16
Q

how is unity with diversity represented?

A

tree of life

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17
Q

define abiotic

A

non-living

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18
Q

homeostasis

A

too much is bad, too little is bad

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19
Q

examples of homeostasis

A

salt and fat

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20
Q

define bond

A

the attraction between ions or atoms

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21
Q

What is the secret to a healthy diet

A

calories consumed = calories burned

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22
Q

what is a calorie?

A

a measurement unit

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23
Q

define organic

A

made of carbon

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24
Q

simple formula for glucose

A

C6H12O6

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25
Q

cell theory

A
  1. all living things are made up of one or more cells
  2. cells are the basic unit of structure and function
  3. cells come from existing cells
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26
Q

what is the difference between prokaryotic & eukaryotic cells

A

prokaryotic = no nucleus, no organelles, smaller
eukaryotic = nucleus, organelles, larger

27
Q

why is prokaryotic a good term for what it describes

A

because pro means before and kary means nucleus

28
Q

chemical formula for cellular respiration in symbols

A

CO2 + H2O + energy

29
Q

chemical formula for cellular respiration in words

A

takes glucose, glucose reacts with oxygen, releases carbon dioxide, water and energy

30
Q

why do you need oxygen to stay alive?

A

glucose and oxygen have to be present for our body to have energy

31
Q

how many total cells do humans have?

A

approx. 35-70 trillion cells

32
Q

how many diff cells do humans have?

A

260

33
Q

3 way proteins can be diff from each other

A

N - number of amino acids
T - types of amino acids
A - arrangement of amino acids

34
Q

how is DNA diff from RNA?

A

DNA is longer, double-stranded, and stays in the nucleus

RNA is shorter, single-stranded, and diff types travels out the nucleus

35
Q

why must cells remain small?

A

maximize their ratio of surface area to volume.

36
Q

what is a nucleotide

A

basic building block of nucleic acids (DNA & RNA)

37
Q

what are nucleotides made of

A

Sugar, Nitrogenous Base., Phosphate Group.

38
Q

are all calories created equal?

A

yes and no, increased amount of different foods led to different outcomes on the scale

39
Q

is there a single superfood

A

no

40
Q

surface area to volume example

A

they serve 2 smaller patties b/c twice as much heat can enter and that is doubling the surface area

41
Q

ways to maintain a healthy diet

A

eat in moderation, choose natural-looking food, be an omnivore, get exercise

42
Q

what is the licensing effect

A

giving yourself permission to do unhealthy things

43
Q

what were the authors? personal results with the licensing effect

A

he felt virtuous

44
Q

what are the main points of the movie Farm Inc.

A
  1. the way we eat has changed in the last 50 years
  2. animals and farmers are being abused
  3. Top 4 meat companies control 80% of our foods
  4. Corn is in everything
  5. Income is the #1 predictor of obesity
45
Q

define diffusion

A

movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to lower concentration (perfume)

46
Q

define osmosis

A

diffusion of water

47
Q

define solute

A

the substance that is dissolved (added)

48
Q

define solvent

A

the substance in which the solute dissolves (what the solute was added to)

49
Q

define hypertonic

A

the solution with the greater concentration of solutes

50
Q

define hypotonic

A

the solution with the lesser concentration of solutes

51
Q

isotonic

A

the solution with the equal concentration of solutes

52
Q

what is the relationship between diffusion and osmosis?

A

osmosis is a type of diffusion

53
Q

examples of diffusion

A

perfume

54
Q

how are plant cells different from animal cells?

A

plant cells have a cell wall

55
Q

photosynthesis in words

A

plants transform light energy into chemical energy

56
Q

photosynthesis formula

A

6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2

57
Q

what are the two general subprocesses cellular respiration can be divided into

A

glycolysis & aerobic respiration

58
Q

3 differences between glycolysis & aerobic respiration

A

glycolysis can survive without oxygen,

59
Q

define gamete

A

reproductive cell of an animal or plant

60
Q

define zygote

A

fertilized egg cell that results from the union of a female gamete (egg, or ovum) with a male gamete (sperm)

61
Q

define chromatin

A

complex of DNA and protein found in eukaryotic cells

62
Q

define chromosomes

A

rod shaped structures made of DNA and proteins

63
Q

define autosome

A

any chromosome not considered a sex chromosome

64
Q

what is the difference between mitosis and meiosis?

A

mitosis produces all body cells, but meiosis creates only germ cells

honors biology s1 & s2 (15 decks)

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