diabetes & diseases Flashcards

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1
Q

what are the categories of diseases?

A

genetic, contagious, environmental, self-inflicted, combination

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2
Q

define genes

A

they are there but aren’t activated or turned on

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3
Q

what are the top U.S causes of death?

A

heart disease, cancer, diabetes, influenza & pneumonia, and suicide

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4
Q

what is diabetes?

A

high levels of blood sugar or problems with insulin

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5
Q

how many Americans had diabetes

A

34.2 million

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6
Q

how many Americans have either diabetes or pre-diabetes?

A

1/3

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7
Q

what is insulin?

A

a protein (when sugar levels are high insulin changes to fat and the opposite when they are low (change to sugar)

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8
Q

where is insulin located

A

pancreas

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9
Q

example of genetic diseases

A

sickle cell anemia
PKD
type 1 diabetes

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10
Q

example of contagious diseases

A

covid
flu
pneumonia

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11
Q

example of environmental diseases

A

hypothermia
black lung disease
led in water in Flint, Michigan
mesothelioma

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12
Q

example of self-inflicted diseases

A

type 2 diabetes

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13
Q

combination

A

cancer (needs to be activated)
lung cancer

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14
Q

three differences between type 1 and 2 diabetes

A

type 1 = genetic, autoimmune, pancreas does not make insulin
type 2 = self-inflicted, not autoimmune, pancreas makes insulin

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15
Q

what is the difference between treatment and cure?

A

treatments relieve symptoms, cure eliminates disease

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16
Q

what are the great limiting factors?

A

weight, diet, level of activity

17
Q

how many diploids do humans have?

A

46

18
Q

how many haploids?

A

23

19
Q

what are somatic cells

A

diploids

20
Q

what are gametes

A

haploids

21
Q

what is mitosis

A

process of making somatic cells