Othalamic

Question 1

diagnostic rx

Answer 1

anesthetic agents: opthane
staining agents: florescein dye
mydriatics (dilate) and cycloplegics (paralysis): homatrpine
miotics (constrict): pilocarpine

Question 2

rx keratoconjunctivitis

Answer 2

artificial tears

topical cyclosporine

Question 3

tx for allergic conjunctivitis - severe case

Answer 3

cool compress 
antihistimine/decongestant
lubricant
steroid
NSAID
mast cell stabilizer

Question 4

bacterial conjunctivitis drug of choice

Answer 4

.03% tobramycin
polymyxin
*more severe infection: .3% ofloxacin

Question 5

topical antibiotic therapy

Answer 5

aminoglycosides
fluoroquinonolones: broad spectrum
IV ab for gonococcal or chlamydial
erythromycin for s pnemo and h flu

Question 6

Herpes simplex keratitis

Answer 6

trifluridine

Question 7

CMV keratoconjunctivitis

Answer 7

ganciclovir
cidofovir
foscarnet

Question 8

glaucoma rx first line

Answer 8

beta blockers, alpha adrenergic agonist, topical carbonic anyhydrase inhibitors: decrease aqueous production
prostaglandin analogs, parasympathomimetics, sympathomimetics: increase aqueous outflow

Question 9

topical antimicrobials

Answer 9

bacitracin
neomycin
polymyxin
neosporin

Question 10

indications for topical antimicrobials

Answer 10

superficial bacterial skin infections, eyes, and external ear infections
MOA: polymyxin disrupts structure of bacterial cell membrane
bacitracin interferes with peptidoglycans of cell wall

Question 11

impetigo tx

Answer 11

mupirocin/bactroban

neosporin: less effective
* only use topical if limited lesions

Question 12

muprocin/bactroban

Answer 12

topical antibiotic
inhibits bacterial protein synthesis
used in MRSA

Question 13

tinea corporis tx

Answer 13

ketoconazole: inhibits sterol synthesis of fungal cell membranes

Question 14

high potency corticosteriods

Answer 14

class I
tx should not exceed 2-4 weeks

Question 15

first line therapy for atopic derm/exczema

Answer 15

1st line: topical corticosteriods

last line: topical calcineurin inhibitors

Question 16

pruritis/hives

Answer 16

systemic antihistimines: loratadine (claritin) or cetirizine (zyrtec)

Question 17

are topical antihistimines effective?

Answer 17

no

Question 18

rx for acne

Answer 18

salicylic acid
benzoyl peroxide
topical retinoids
antibacterial agents
antisebum agents (oral contraceptives, spironalactone, isotretinoin)

Question 19

first line tx for all acne

Answer 19

tretinoin topical retinoid: comedolysis, induction of orthokeratosis and inhibition of inflammation.

Question 20

first line topical therapy for acne

Answer 20

benzoyl peroxide: potent bactericidal, keratolysis, comedolysis

Question 21

isotretinoin

Answer 21

accutane: reduction of hyperkeratinization, reduction in number of sebaceous glands and sebum production reduction
* teratogenic

Question 22

tx for psoriasis

Answer 22

topical corticosteroids
topical vit D analog
phototherapy
systemic oral steroids, chemotherapy agent, TNF alpha inhibitors