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otc ppt Flashcards

1
Q

What are the BMI categories

A

under 18 - under weight
18-25 normal
25-30 over weight
30 plus obese

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2
Q

What are the recommended weekly alcohol units

A

men and women 14 units spread across at least 3 days

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3
Q

What are the alarm symptoms for gord

A

dysphagia, weight loss, bleeding, change in bowel habit, sudden onset, age over 55

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4
Q

how many units are in a single shot of spirit

A

1 unit

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5
Q

How many units are in a 35ml shot

A

1.4 units

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6
Q

How many units are in a small glass of wine 125ml

A

1.5 units

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7
Q

How many units are in a pint of beer or cider

A

2 units low strength, 3 units high strength

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8
Q

How many units in a regular glass of wine 175ml

A

2.1 units

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9
Q

How many units in a large 250ml glass of wine

A

3 units

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10
Q

How do you work out units in a drink

A

strenghth x vol/100

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11
Q

Which analgesic would you recommend to a breast feeding woman

A

paracetamol/ibuprofen

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12
Q

Which analgesic would you recommened to a 54 year old man

A

paracetamol or ibuprofen

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13
Q

Which analgesic would you recommend for a suprerficial burn

A

paracetamol

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14
Q

Which analgesic would you recommend if a patient is taking amlodipine, bendroflumethiazide and ramipril

A

avoid nsaid

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15
Q

Which analgesic would you recommend for a patient with citalopram

A

avoid nsaids

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16
Q

Who is naproxen licensed for otc

A

250mg tablets for the tx of primary dysmenorrhea in women aged 15-50 years old

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17
Q

what is the dosing of naproxen otc

A

day 1: 2 tablets initially then one every 6-8 hours if needed
day 2 and 3: one every 6 to 8 hours
no more than 3 per day
max cycle is 3 days

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18
Q

What is the nhs advice for cold and flu

A

ease aches and pains or sore throat with paracetamol or ibuprofen
relieve blocked nose with decongestant sprays or tablets

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19
Q

What is the thrush referral criteria

A

<16 year old and >60
diabetic
more than 2 occurrences in 6 months

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20
Q

What is the tx for ringworm (tinea corporis)

A

clotrimazole 1% or miconazole 2%. no legal age limit

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21
Q

What is the tx for athletes foot

A

under 10 clotrimazole
10+ clotrimazole or miconazole with hydrocortisone
16+ terbinafine
18+ lamisil once

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22
Q

What is the tx for nappy rash

A

barrier cream
if fungal then clotrimazole
if inflammation then refer for hydrocortisone

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23
Q

What is the tx for oral thrush

A

miconazole, 4 months old, use after eating, qds for 7 days

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24
Q

What is the otc age for hydrocortisone

A

10 years old

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25
What is the otc age for clobetasone
12
26
what are the contraindications for otc steroids
not on broken skin, face, genital area, for longer than 7 days or on a large area
27
What is the dose of paracetamol for 3-5months
2.5ml
28
What is the dose of paracetamol for 6-23 months
5ml
29
What is the dose of paracetamol for 2-4
7.5ml
30
What is the dose of paracetamol for 4-6
10ml
31
What is the dose of paracetamol for 6-8
5ml
32
What is the dose of paracetamol for 8-10
7.5ml
33
What is the dose of paracetamol for 10-12
10ml
34
What is the dose of ibuprofen for 3-5
2.5ml tds
35
What is the dose of ibuprofen for 6-11
2.5ml t-qds
36
What is the dose of ibuprofen for 1-3
5ml tds
37
What is the dose of ibuprofen for 4-6
7.5ml tds
38
What is the dose of ibuprofen for 7-9
10ML tds
39
What is the dose of ibuprofen for 10-11
15ml tds
40
What are the symptoms of measles
red/brown blotchy rash conjunctivitis koplik spots
41
What symptoms associated with rashes should cause concern?
non-blanching, sensitivity to light, drowsiness/confusion, not wanting to play, stiff neck, severe headache, severe or prolonged temp, infection, worsening symptoms
42
What are the symptoms of chicken pox
itchy spots that develop into fluid filled blisters. Infections until 2 days before rash develops and until crusts over
43
What is the incubation period for chicken pox
10-20 days
44
What are the symptoms of shingles
tingling or painful rash on one side of the body
45
What are the symptoms of hand, foot and mouth
ulcers in the mouth and raised spots on hands/feet
46
What are the symptoms of molluscum contagiosm
harmless and rarely needs treatment. Only symptom is spots. Raised dome like appearance with a white like in the middle. spots will clear in 18 months. contagious
47
What are the symptoms of scarlet fever
flu like rash appears 12-48 hrs later, starting on stomach and spreading. feels like sandpaper strawberry tongue
48
What is the tx for scarlet fever
pen v
49
What us the otc age for esomeprazole
18
50
What us the otc age for threadworms
2
51
What us the otc age for cyclo f
18-45
52
What us the otc age for pepto bismol
16 years
53
What us the otc age for levonelle one step
16+ unless on a pgd
54
What are the compression rates
100-120 per minute and after 30 then give 2 rescue breaths
55
Which vitamins are recommended in pregnancy
folic acid, vitamin d, iron, vitamin c, calcium
56
Why is folic acid recommended in pregnancy
to help babys spine to form and reduce the risk of neural tube defects
57
What is the dose of folic acid in pregnancy
400mcg daily and throughout first 12 weeks. High dose if: diabetes, family hx of ntd, epilepsy
58
What dose of vit is recommended in pregnancy
10mcg per day
59
What is the effect of pregnancy on medication clearance
medication clearance increases as a result of increased cardiac output, so doses of some medications may need to be higher in the second and third trimesters
60
Which vaccines are recommended in pregnancy
whooping cough, flu, covid 19
61
What is a teratogenic drug
an agent that can disturb the developement of an embryo or foetus by halting the pregnancy or producing congenital malformations
62
Which drugs are teratogenic
sodium valproate, oral retinoids, anitepleptics, tetracyclines, lithium, ace inhibitors
63
Discuss cytotoxic drugs and pregnancy
most drugs are cytotoxic and should not be administered in pregnancy. exclude pregnancy before treatment and use effectie contraception during and after tx
64
Which drugs are used as normal for asthma during pregnancy
saba, laba, ics, theophylline, montelukast
65
Discuss anticoagulation in pregnancy
increase the risk of blood clot. switch onto lmwh and stop when labour begins
66
Discuss anticoaglation in breastfeeding
lmwh or warfarin
67
What are the tx options for depression in pregnancy
no intervetnion/psychological no licensed antidepressant ssris - sertraline/fluoxetine tcas amitryptilline and imipramine avoid maois and sjw
68
Discuss breast feeding and antidepressants
lowest levels in breast milk noted with sertraline highest levels in breast milk associated with citalopram and fluoxetine
69
Which antihypertensives are used in pregnancy
labetalol or methyldopa avoid ace and arb and diuretics
70
Which antihypertensives are recommended in breast feeding
labetalol or methyldopa avoid amlodipine, diuretics, arb, acei. catopril or enalapril may be used in mothers breastfeeding older infants
71
What is the tx for pre existing diabetes in pregnancy
continue metform stop other antidiabetics
72
What is gestational diabetes
fbg >5.6 or 2 hours plasma level >7.8
73
what is the tx for gdm
diet and lifestyle for 2 weeks metformin gliblenclamide in 2nd and 3rd trimester insulin and metofrmin stop after birth
74
How is diabetes managed in breastfeeding women
metformin, insulin increased risk of hypo if breast feeding, meal or snack before or during feeds helps to prevent thi
75
What is given to pregnant women with epilepsy
folic acid 5mg od
76
Which drugs have the lowest teratogenic potential in epilepsy
lamotrigine and levetiracetam
77
Which antibiotics should be avoided in pregnancy
tetracyclines, aminoglycosides, quinolones, azithromycin, clarithromycin, high dose metronidazole
78
Which antibioitcs are safest in pregnancy
penicillins, cephalosporins and erythromycin
79
What is pre-eclampsia
hypertension and proteinuria
80
What are the risk factors for pre eclampsia
first pregnancy, mum over 40, bmi over 35, multiple pregancy, ckd, diabetes
81
What is given to high risk of pre eclampsia
prophylaxis with aspirin 75-150mg daily from 12 weeks until birth treat with antihypertensives or induciton of labour
82
When can iuc be used post partum
<48 hours of delivery or +28 days after
83
when can po implant be pp
any time
84
When can chc be used pp
vte assessment not breastfeeding +21 days bf +42 days

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