Osteoporosis + Osteoarthritis (4)

Question 1

osteoperosis vs osteopenia t score

Answer 1

osteoperosis- BMD 2.5 SD t score

Osteopenia- BMD t score bw 1-2.5

Question 2

Best practices for testing BMD (2)

Answer 2

• All women and men 65yo+ should be tested (DEXA)

- post menopausal women and men 50-64 with risk factiors for fracture

Question 3

TEsting BMD <50 characteristics

Answer 3

only w a disease or condition associated w low bone mass or bone loss

Question 4

Pharma adgents used for BMD diseases

Answer 4

• bisphosphonates (mc)
• evista
• calcitonin

Question 5

Direct action of bisphosphonates

Answer 5

• decrease the amount of osteoclast through neg inhibition of osteoclast activation on the lining cell
• taken up by osteoclasts where it enters cell to further inactivate activation (attaches to hydroxypatite binding sites and impairs ability to form rough border to adhere to bone)

Question 6

Indirect effects of bisphosphonates

Answer 6

stimulating osteoblasts to produce inhibitors of osteoclastic activation

Question 7

MOA of evista

Answer 7

selective estrogen receptor modulator that belongs to the benzo

The SERM profile includes estrogen agonist effects on bone and lipid metabilism (also effects uterine and breat tissue)

Question 8

MOA of calcitonin

Answer 8

calcitonin lowers blood calcium levels by suppressing osteoclas activity in bones and increasing the amount of calcium excreted in the urine

Question 9

exercise clinical guidlines

Answer 9

• resistance traing
• weight bearing aerobic exercises
• core stability
• exercises focusing on balance

Question 10

calcium supplemenentaion

Answer 10

in post menopausal women w low bone density, bone loss can be slowed or prevented w exercise + calcium supplementation or estrogen/progesterone replacement

Question 11

daily calcium requirement for women aged 19-50, 50+, preg

Answer 11

19-50- 1000
50- 1200
preg- 1000

Question 12

vegaterians and calcium intake

Answer 12

Veg who are able to eat diary are able to get appropriate calcium load
=vegans who are not consuming any dairy will have challenges relating to calcium intake

Question 13

vit D transformation in sunlight

Answer 13

during exposure to sunlight, there is a conversion of 7-DHC in the skin to preD3 which undergoes thermally induced transformation to vit D3

Question 14

vit d transformation in diet

Answer 14

D3 cann be consumed in diet and carried by chylomurcons

• metabolized in liver by 25-OHase and converted to 25OHD3
• enters circulation and converted to 1,25OHD3 (active form)

Question 15

how much vit d is enough

Answer 15

Wo exposure to sunlight, a minimum of 1000iu of vid d is required

Question 16

what is the easiest method of correcting Vit D def

Answer 16

pt one pill that contains 50000 iu of vit d onnce a week for 8 weeks

Question 17

vit K and osteocalcin

Answer 17

activation of vit K dependednt pro in active/inactive form

-Gamma glutamo carboxylase activates the active form (vit K is cofactor for this)

Question 18

collagen in BMD

Answer 18

can be utalized for jt deterioration + BMD

sig difference in those taking specific collagen peptides and placebo

Question 19

natural remedies to OA

Answer 19

• avacodo/soy bean unsaponifiables
• vit B3
• vit C
• Cetyle myrostoleate

Question 20

effects of cur cumin and how to improve bioavailability

Answer 20

• anti inflamatory
• anti catabolic
• anabolic
• antiapoptotic

-needs to be absorbed in a fatty environment

Question 21

What does natural egg shell membrane contain and what is it good for

Answer 21

contains naturally occuring glycosaminoglycans and pros essential for maintaining healthy articular cartilage and surrounding synovium

-tx group had greater reduction in pain after 60days