Osteoporosis Flashcards
What is the definition of osteoporosis?
Decrease bone mass –> bone fragility
What does bone fragility increase risk of?
Fracture
Where are common fracture sites in osteoporosis?
Wrist
Hip
Spine
What is the pathophysiology of OP?
Increased osteoclast activity
Decreased osteoblast activity
What are the secondary causes of the increased osteoclast decreased osteoblast activity?
Age (loss of sex hormones)
Genetics
Diet
- Poor calcium/vit d
What diseases may cause osteoporosis?
Thyrotoxicosis
Malabsorption
Hypoparathyroidism
What medications may cause osteoporosis?
Steroids
Warfarin
TCAs
Diagnosis?
Clinical
can do dexa scan
What are the Obs+Gynae criteria for a dexa scan?
Early menopause
Maternal hip fracture
Secondary amenorrhoea
What are the other criteria for a dexa scan?
Hypogonadism
Low BMI
What assessment should be done if the dexa scan shows moderate OA?
FRAX assessment
What are the 3 treatment methods of OA?
Bisphosphonates
Dual action bone agents (DABA)
HRT
What bisphosphonates should be used?
Those containing nitrogen
- Alendronic acid
- Risendronic acid
What DABAs should be used?
Strontium ralenate
Denosumab
What HRT drugs can be used?
Tamoxifen
Rolaxifen
