Osteoporosis

Question 1

what is the meaning of osteoporosis?

Answer 1

osteo is bone and porosis is holes

Question 2

what is osteoporosis?

Answer 2

atrophy of bone mass
low bone mass
porous bone (becomes fragile and can’t bare the weight of the body)
bone if fragile–> fractures?

Question 3

Et of osteoporosis?

Answer 3

ageing (deterioration of tissue, we remove more than we deposit with bone remodelling and replacing bone with new bone)
genetic predisposition- PBM (peak bone mass)
endocrine changes- no E (menopause) (controls breakdown, limits osteoblasts)
2 major risks- low peak bone mass and post menopause

Question 4

explain the two major risks of osteoporosis?

Answer 4

low peak bone mass- around 30 you’re depositing more than is being removed (before) and after that you start to remove more than you’re putting in
-you can inc bone mass with activity and maintain it for a longer period of time
post-menopause (inc bone loss)

Question 5

patho of osteoporosis?

Answer 5

Bone remodelling.
peak bone mass at 30
longitudinal bone growth stops ~20 (long bone continues to elongate until epiphyseal plates fuse around puberty, inc in diameter but not length)
-imbalance between formation and resorption of matrix
inc loss post menopause
archietetural changes (external changes)
micro damage sets in

Question 6

manifestations of osteoporosis ?

Answer 6

usually silent until fracture (X-ray shows)
-acute, severe pain
Change to vertebrae (change in stature, distorted spine, will have breathing problems
implantation of teeth into jaw is incompetent, affects what they can eat and digest

Question 7

what is diagnostics of osteoporosis?

Answer 7

xray (late stages)
bone density scan
select 3 areas: lumbar spine, radius, neck of femur, comes through as a T score, ranges from 1-2/12. the lower the number the greater the degree of osteoporosis

Question 8

tx of osteoporosis?

Answer 8

prevent fractures
pain and disability (bc support goes to muscle and deviates to the bone so musculoskeletal pain)
wt bearing activity (promotes bone remodelling)
antiresoprtive agents
anabolic agents
adeq protein

Question 9

why do you use antiresorptive agents

anabolic agents?

Answer 9

osteoclasts- limits breakdown

osteoblasts