Bone cancer Flashcards
what are the types of bone cancer?
which is more common? why?
primary (uncommon)
secondary (common)
because bones are richly vascularized and it is a large site and more likely that the emboli will migrate there.
what is bone growth called?
where does it occur?
ossification
growth occurs at metaphysis and forms from cartilage
what is an example of primary bone cancer?
osteosarcoma
bone forming tumour
why is it called bone forming tumor?
its a bone forming tumour because its not cartilage forming tumour (where bones actually first grow from) its in bone not cartilage.
what are other examples?
chondrosarcoma
fibrosarcoma
others: ewings, osteoclastoma
where is osteosarcoma usually found?
around the knee
and hip and jaw and shoulder
is this an aggressive or nonaggressive form?
aggressive (mets to lung)
who is primarily affected and why? 2nd most?
75% before age 20 because bone growth occurs before then. you have cell proliferation that involves DNA replication, the more proliferation the more probably for errors
eldery because of underlying bone pathology
what is secondary bone cancer? where is it from?
bone is a common 2nd site
50% of lal Ca spreads to bone
85% from breast, lung, prostate
what are the lesions in secondary?
lytic or bastic lesions
when tumour grows its space occupying, damaging local tissue and breaks down the tissue (lysis) here in the bone you are breaking down the matrix. the malignancy that arises is proliferation and blastic ?
what manifestations occur with secondary?
pain, swelling, fractures
fractures occurs bc compromised bone and bone has weakened (lysis and necrosis) and malignancy of bone
minimal stress could break the bone
Dx?
xray, ct, mri (need substantial necrosis to show)
biposy (primary or seco)
bone scan (if you have mets)
tx?
chemo and radiation and surgery? (bloc excision and add restorative grafting)
pain
prevent fractures
