Osteoporosis Flashcards
KEY TOPICS
1—Approximately 20% of hip fracture patients require
long-term nursing home care
2–Only 40% ever fully regain their pre-fracture level of
independence
3—Hip fractures result in a 10-20% increased mortality
within one year
4–The origins of osteoporosis are in childhood and adolescence
5–Peak bone mass is reached by late 30’s
6–Obesity is correlated with increased bone mass
7–Acid-Base Balance =
—- Foods that are highly acidic (i.e. animal proteins, grains, highglycemic foods) decreases the pH of our blood
—-Calcium is leeched from bone to correct this pH imbalance
—-Over time, a diet rich in acidic foods may contribute to
decreased bone mineral density
8–High intake of __________ calcium (1,000 mg or more
a day) is associated with an excess risk of CVD death
(with heart disease death but not significantly with cerebrovascular disease death) in men but not in women.
• ________ calcium intake was unrelated to CVD
death in either men or women.
9—In the recent years, interest in osteoporosis
prevention/management has shifted from Ca to
Vitamin D!!!!
supplemental
Dietary
10—Vitamin K———-an association between high vitamin K intake and REDUCED risk of ____ fracture in men and women, and increased bone mineral density in women.
11—-Phosphorus—-Suppresses activation of Vitamin D–Soda contains phosphorus–Leads to increased bone loss
– Too much phosphorus in relation to calcium stimulates
parathyroid hormone, resulting in loss of bone
12—FIBER—Excess fiber may interfere with ____ absorption
– But, this is a rare concern in the typically low fiber US diet
HIP
CA+
13—High sodium can result in increased calcium
excretion–– Evidence suggests that _____ blood pressure is associated with abnormalities of calcium metabolism, leading to increased calcium loss, secondary activation of the parathyroid gland, increased movement of calcium from bone and increased risk of urinary tract stone.
14—-Protein—Too much protein decreases calcium
re-absorption – results in increased urinary Calcium loss
—Too little protein intake reduces calcium absorption
and stimulates PTH which may lead to increased
bone loss
—Problem is most US adults consume fat too much protein, well beyond moderate
15—Vitamin A—Vitamin A is important for healthy bones
• However, too much vitamin A has been linked to bone
loss and an increase in the risk of hip fracture
Excessive vitamin A may trigger an increase in _________
May also interfere with vitamin __
• Concern is with too much preformed vitamin A (retinol)
The Institute of Medicine cautions against daily intakes
of retinol above 10,000 IU
—_____-______ (vitamin A precursor) DOES NOT
increase one’s fracture risk!!!
HIGH
osteoclasts
D
Beta-carotene
