Osteomalacia

Question 1

what is osteomalacia

Answer 1

bone softening due to low vit d

Question 2

osteoporosis vs osteomalacia

Answer 2

osteop = reduced amount of bone with structural deterioration

osteom = normal amount of bone, matrix unmineralised and soft

Question 3

symptoms in adults

Answer 3

muscle aches and proximal muscle weakness
rib, hip, pelvis, thigh, foot pain typical

e.g.
back pain lifting 1 year old baby
aching hips
difficulty walking
muslim - wears hijab

Question 4

symptoms in children of severe vit d deficiency

Answer 4

rickets

Question 5

findings on DXA in osteomalacia

Answer 5

osteomalacia

Question 6

what is calcitriol

Answer 6

1,25 hydroxyvitamin D aka active vit D. is a hormone

used as a drug for renal failure pts as they cant convert cholecalciferol into activated vit D

Question 7

what is cholecalcifarol

Answer 7

25hydroxyvit d. one you buy in the supermarket

25 hydroxyvitamin D is converted by kidneys to active vit D

nb it is called colecalciferol as a drug and cholecalciferol when it’s natural in the body! ridiculous. remember the F1 on oxford elective/

Question 8

why is cholecalciferol preferred to calcitriol as a drug

Answer 8

body regulates it so can’t overdose and cause hypercal

Question 9

treatment of low vit d

Answer 9

colecalciferol 20,000units once per week for 12 weeks. then need maintenance as will become defiiceny if rx is stopped

Question 10

blood results in osteomalacia

Answer 10

low calcium
low phosphate
raised alk phos
raised parathyroid (secondary to low Ca)

Question 11

what is alk phos

Answer 11

enzyme mainly in liver/biliary tree and bones

Question 12

if ALP raised by GGT normal, think…

Answer 12

bones!