Osteology of the Skull

Question 1

skull

Answer 1

entire skeleton of the head and face including the mandible

Question 2

cranium

Answer 2

skull without mandible; houses brain

Question 3

neurocranium

Answer 3

upper portion of the skull

Question 4

viscerocranium

Answer 4

skeleton of the face

Question 5

neurocranium includes

Answer 5

frontal bone (1)
parietal bones (2)
temporal bones (2)
occipital bone (1)
sphenoid bone (1)
ethmoid bone (1)

Question 6

frontal bone

Answer 6

forms the upper margins of orbits and anterior part of the top of the skull
has a supraorbital foramen

Question 7

parietal bones

Answer 7

form sides and roof of the cranium
superior and inferior temporal lines (attachment sites for temporalis muscle)

Question 8

temporal bones

Answer 8

form sides of the cranium
-squamous (flattened) portion forms sides of skull
-petrous (rock-like) portion houses middle and inner ear
-mastoid process: muscle attachment site

Question 9

squamous

Answer 9

flattened

Question 10

petrous

Answer 10

rock-like

Question 11

occipital bone and occipital condyles

Answer 11

forms back and base of the cranium
large opening: foramen magnum

occipital condyles provide articular surface for the 1st cervical vertebra

Question 12

skull cap

Answer 12

frontal bone
2 parietal bones
occipital bone

Question 13

sutures of skull cap

Answer 13

coronal
sagittal lambdoid

Question 14

points of skull cap

Answer 14

bregma
lambda

Question 15

fontanelles

Answer 15

gaps between bones in fetal skulls
movement is possible between bones
at birth they are closed by membrane

Question 16

anterior fontanelle

Answer 16

most prominent
located in the position of the adult bregma
closes between 18 months and 2 years of age

Question 17

posterior fontanelle

Answer 17

in the position of the adult lambda

Question 18

base of the skull external surface

Answer 18

sphenoid bone
temporal bones (2) (petrous part)
occipital bone

Question 19

base of the skull internal surface

Answer 19

anterior cranial fossa
middle cranial fossa
posterior cranial fossa

Question 20

ethmoid bone

Answer 20

forms roof of the nasal cavity

Question 21

sphenoid bone

Answer 21

body
greater wings
lesser wings

Question 22

pterion

Answer 22

marks the junction between four bones: frontal, parietal, temporal, sphenoid
the weakest part of the skull

Question 23

clinical relevance of the pterion

Answer 23

middle meningeal artery runs beneath it
blood supply to the meninges

Question 24

viscerocranium

Answer 24

bones of the face
maxilla
zygomatic bone
nasal bones
mandible
orbit

Question 25

maxilla

Answer 25

paired; form the upper jaw
superiorly forms a portion of the floor of the orbit
alveolar process bears upper teeth
encloses a large maxillary sinus

Question 26

nasal bones

Answer 26

paired
form bridge of the nose

Question 27

zygomatic bones

Answer 27

bony framework for the cheek
forms lateral margin of the orbit
articulates with zygomatic process of temporal bone to form zygomatic arch

Question 28

foramina on the face

Answer 28

supraorbital foramen:
supraorbital nerve
supraorbital artery
supraorbital vein

infraorbital foramen:
infraorbital nerve
infraorbital artery
infraorbital vein

mental foramen:
mental nerve
mental artery
mental vein

Question 29

parts of the mandible

Answer 29

paired L and R
body
ramus
angle
condylar process
coronoid process
mandibular foramen
mylohyoid line
mental foramen

Question 30

temporomandibular joint TMJ

Answer 30

condylar process of mandible articulates with temporal bone