Nasal Cavity, Paranasal Sinuses and Palate

Question 1

the skeleton of the external nose is largely _________

Answer 1

cartilaginous

Question 2

where is cartilage attached

Answer 2

attached to the nasal bones in the bridge of the nose and the maxillae

Question 3

nasal cavity is divided into two cavities by the

Answer 3

nasal septum

Question 4

superior border

Answer 4

cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone

Question 5

anterior border

Answer 5

nasal bones

Question 6

inferior border

Answer 6

hard palate

Question 7

lateral border

Answer 7

maxilla + ethmoid bone (superior & middle concha) + inferior concha

Question 8

posterior border

Answer 8

nasal cavity is continuous with nasopharnyx

Question 9

nasal conchae

Answer 9

on the lateral walls
as air passes over the mucous membrane of the conchae it is heated to body temperature, humidified and filtered

Question 10

superior and middle conchae are extensions of

Answer 10

the ethmoid bone

Question 11

inferior concha

Answer 11

a separate bone and is the largest of the three

Question 12

nasal meatuses

Answer 12

beneath each concha is a meatus: superior, middle and inferior meatus

Question 13

what are paranasal sinuses

Answer 13

air-filled spaces in the facial bones surrounding the nasal cavity

Question 14

what are the four paired paranasal sinuses

Answer 14

frontal sinus (in the frontal bone)
maxillary sinus (in the body of the maxilla; largest sinus)
ethmoid sinus
sphenoid sinus

Question 15

ethmoid sinuses

Answer 15

anterior, middle, posterior; in the ethmoid bone, at the roof of the nose

Question 16

sphenoid sinus

Answer 16

in the body of the sphenoid bone

Question 17

paranasal sinuses drain into the ____ ______ and deliver _____

Answer 17

nasal cavity
delivers clean mucous into the nose

Question 18

mucous helps to

Answer 18

humidify the air and trap dust and dirt

Question 19

sinuses functions

Answer 19

make our head lighter than it would be if it were solid bone
protect eyes and brain by absorbing energy as they fracture
drain into the meatuses of the nasal cavity

Question 20

opening into the superior meatus

Answer 20

posterior ethmoidal sinus

Question 21

opening into the middle meatus

Answer 21

in the hiatus semilunaris: frontal sinus, maxillary sinus, anterior ethmoidal sinus
on the bulla: middle ethmoidal sinus

Question 22

opening into the inferior meatus

Answer 22

nasolacrimal duct

Question 23

opening into the sphenoethmoidal recess

Answer 23

sphenoid sinus

Question 24

general sensory innervation of the nasal cavity

Answer 24

branches of V1 (nasociliary nerve) and branches of V2 (nasopalatine nerve)

Question 25

special sensation of smell innervation of the nasal cavity

Answer 25

from the mucous membrane in the roof of the nasal cavity: CN I (olfactory nerve)

Question 26

parasympathetic innervation of the nasal cavity

Answer 26

pterygopalatine ganglion and its nerves supply the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity, keeps it moist

Question 27

blood supply of the nasal cavity

Answer 27

mostly from the sphenopalatine artery (branch of maxillary artery)

Question 28

palate separates

Answer 28

the nasal cavity from the oral cavity

Question 29

palate consists of

Answer 29

hard palate and soft palate

Question 30

hard palate is formed by the

Answer 30

palatine processes of the two maxillae (L + R) and two palatine bones (L + R)

Question 31

muscles of the soft palate

Answer 31

palatoglossus
palatopharyngeus
tensor veli palatini
levator veli palatini

Question 32

palatoglossus

Answer 32

attaches to soft palate (inferiorly) and tongue; forms palatoglossal arch, depresses the palate
innervated by CN X (Vagus nerve)

Question 33

palatopharyngeus

Answer 33

attaches to soft palate (inferiorly) and the wall of pharynx; forms palatopharyngeal arch, depresses the palate
innervated by CN X (Vagus)

Question 34

tensor veli palatini

Answer 34

attaches to the soft palate (superiorly) and sphenoid bone, tenses soft palate; also opens Eustachian tube
innervated by V3

Question 35

levator veli palatini

Answer 35

attaches to the soft palate (superiorly) and temporal bone
elevates soft palate
innervated by CN X (Vagus)

Question 36

palatoglossus muscle covered by mucous membrane forms

Answer 36

palatoglossal arch

Question 37

palatopharyngeus muscle covered by mucous membrane forms

Answer 37

palatopharyngeal arch

Question 38

tonsils

Answer 38

masses of lymphoid tissue located in the oral cavity and pharynx
part of the lymphatic system; also act as part of the immune system and fight infections = tonsilitis

Question 39

what are the 4 tonsils

Answer 39

palatine tonsils
lingual tonsils
pharyngeal tonsils
tubal tonsils

Question 40

palatine tonsils

Answer 40

between palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal arches

Question 41

lingual tonsils

Answer 41

posteriorly on the dorsal surface of the tongue

Question 42

pharyngeal tonsils

Answer 42

on the posterior wall of the nasopharynx

Question 43

tubal tonsils

Answer 43

in nasopharynx, posterior to the opening of the Eustachian tube

Question 44

sensory innervation to the palate

Answer 44

supplied by the maxillary nerve (V2) of the trigeminal nerve
greater palatine nerve
lesser palatine nerve
nasopalatine nerve

Question 45

greater palatine nerve supplies

Answer 45

hard palate

Question 46

lesser palatine nerve supplies

Answer 46

soft palate

Question 47

blood supply to the palate

Answer 47

from the maxillary artery:
greater palatine artery
lesser palatine artery