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Gross Anatomy of Head and Neck > Cranial Nerves and Intracranial Cavity > Flashcards

Cranial Nerves and Intracranial Cavity Flashcards

1
Q

cerebral hemispheres

A

right and left
are joined across the midline

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2
Q

corpus callosum

A

two cerebral hemispheres communicate with one another
made up of fibers (axons) of nerve cells which cross the midline and convey information from one hemisphere to the other

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3
Q

gyri and sulci

A

gyri: ridges on surface of brain
sulci: separates the ridges by grooves
may be used as landmarks to divide the cerebral hemispheres into four lobes

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4
Q

the 4 lobes are named for the bones of the skull beneath which they lie

A

frontal lobe
parietal lobe
occipital lobe
temporal lobe

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5
Q

interior of skull is divided into

A

three depressions: anterior cranial fossa, middle cranial fossa, posterior cranial fossa

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6
Q

each fossa is perforated by holes for

A

passage of nerves and vessels

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7
Q

anterior cranial fossa

A

formed by frontal, ethmoid, sphenoid bones; houses frontal lobes

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8
Q

middle cranial fossa

A

formed by sphenoid and temporal bones; houses portions of temporal lobes

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9
Q

posterior cranial fossa

A

formed by sphenoid, temporal and occipital bones; houses cerebellum and brain stem

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10
Q

cranial nerves leave the skull through various ______ in the bones of the skull

A

foramina

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11
Q

foramina

A

the passage of cranial nerves

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12
Q

orbit canal

A

foramen in sphenoid bone for passage of optic nerve CN II

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13
Q

superior orbital fissure

A

slit in sphenoid bone for passage of CN III, CN IV, ophthalmic division of CN V (V1) and CN VI

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14
Q

CN I

A

olfactory nerve

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15
Q

CN II

A

optic nerve

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16
Q

CN III

A

oculomotor nerve

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17
Q

CN IV

A

trochlear nerve

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18
Q

CN V

A

trigeminal nerve

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19
Q

CN VI

A

abducens nerve

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20
Q

olfactory nerve is responsible for

A

smell

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21
Q

optic nerve is responsible for

A

vision

22
Q

oculomotor nerve is responsible for

A

eye movement, pupillary constriction

23
Q

trochlear nerve is responsible for

A

eye movement

24
Q

trigeminal nerve is responsible for

A

sensory to face, teeth, motor to muscle of mastication

25
Q

abducens nerve is responsible for

A

eye movements

26
Q

trigeminal nerve (CN V) gives rise to 3 divisions

A

ophthalmic
maxillary
mandibular

27
Q

the 3 divisions of the CN V supply nerves for

A

ophthalmic and maxillary divisions are entirely sensory
mandibular includes sensory fibres and motor fibres to muscles of mastication
maxillary and mandibular divisions supply sensation, including pain, to teeth and gingiva

28
Q

CN VII

A

facial nerve

29
Q

CN VIII

A

vestibulocochlear

30
Q

CN IX

A

glossopharyngeal nerve

31
Q

CN X

A

vagus nerve

32
Q

CN XI

A

spinal accessory nerve

33
Q

CN XII

A

hypoglossal nerve

34
Q

facial nerve is responsible for

A

taste, motor control of muscles of facial expression

35
Q

vestibulo-cochlear is responsible for

A

hearing and balance

36
Q

glossopharyngeal nerve is responsible for

A

taste, sensory to pharynx and tongue

37
Q

vagus nerve is responsible for

A

general visceral sensation, motor control of heart, larynx, pharynx, parasympathetic control of smooth muscle of gut

38
Q

spinal accessory nerve is responsible for

A

motor to 2 muscles (sternocleidomastoid, trapezius)

39
Q

hypoglossal nerve is responsible for

A

motor to tongue muscles

40
Q

brain is wrapped in three meningeal layers

A

dura mater
arachnoid
pia mater

41
Q

dura mater

A

outermost and thickest

42
Q

arachnoid

A

attached to undersurface of dura; separated from pia by subarachnoid space

43
Q

pia mater

A

innermost layer, attached to surface of brain

44
Q

what are dural reflections and the main ones

A

folds of dura mater

falx cerebri: separates L and R cerebral hemispheres
tentorium cerebelli: covers cerebellum and separates it from occipital lobes

45
Q

what are dural venous sinuses

A

are intracranial channels between layers of dura mater
they drain blood from the brain and mainly empty into the internal jugular vein

46
Q

dural venous sinuses order

A

superior sagittal sinus
inferior sagittal sinus
straight sinus
transverse sinus
sigmoid sinus
cavernous sinus

47
Q

cavernous sinus

A

one of the dural venous sinuses of the head
a network of veins that sits on both sides of the body of the sphenoid bone

48
Q

the structures that pass through the cavernous sinus are

A

cranial nerve III
CN IV
CN V (branches V1 and V2)
CN VI
internal carotid artery

49
Q

what lies between the two cavernous sinuses and sits on the bony sella turcica

A

the pituitary gland

50
Q

lesions or infections affecting the cavernous sinus may affect the _____ traversing through it

A

nerves

Gross Anatomy of Head and Neck (11 decks)

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