Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Head And Neck > Osteology > Flashcards

Osteology Flashcards

0
Q

What is a depressed fracture?

A

One at which it creates an indent

Fragment of bone compresses underlying structures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

What are the symptoms of skull fractures?

A 
Bleeding from wound, ears, nose and eyes 
Bruising 
Draining of CSF
Swelling
Confusion
Convulsions
Loss of consciousness
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is a linear calvarial fracture?

A

This is where the fracture radiates causing fracture lines away from the point of impact

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is a comminuted fracture?

A

Bone broken into several pieces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is a countercoup fracture?

A

This is where no fracture occurs at point of impact but one occurs on opposite side of cranium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is a simple fracture?

A

This is where no damage of skin occurs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is a compound fracture?

A

Involves a break in the skin and splintering of bone along with brain injury

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is a basal skull fracture?

A

Presents with battle sign

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the pterion?

A 
H shaped, weakest part of the skull on lateral side 
Temporal 
Frontal
Parietal
Sphenoidal
Thinnest part of calvaria
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What can a fracture of pterion cause?

A

Extra dural haemorrhage due to rupture of middle menangial artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

By what route does an infection spread from scalp to skull bones and what infection does it cause?

A

Emissary veins and venous sinuses

Osteomyelitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the foramen of the calvaria?

A 
Spinosum
Magnum
Ovale
Lacerum
Carotid canal
Jugular foramen
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is malar flush an indication of?

A

Mitral stenosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How does a fracture of the dens occur?

A

Fall on head
May injure spinal cord -> quadriplegia
May injure brain stem -> death

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How does hyper flexion of cervical region occur?

A

Head on collisions
Causes rupture of lower intervertebral discs resulting in compression of spinal nerve roots C6 and C7
Pain in neck, shoulder, arm and hand

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How does hyper extension of the cervical region occur?

A

Whiplash injury
Causes tearing of anterior and posterior ligaments, fracture of cervical spinous process, disc rupture, neck muscle injury and blood vessel injury

16
Q

How does a broken neck occur?

A

Compression of cervical spine against shoulder
C2, C6, C7 most common
C1 or C2 most fatal

17
Q

What is a Jefferson fracture?

A

When you fall head first from a height or diving head first into a pool
Anterior and posterior arches of C1

18
Q

What is a hangmans fracture?

A

Both pedicles or pars of C2

19
Q

what are the 3 sutures on the top of the head?

A

lamboid
coronal
saggital

20
Q

what are the bones of the calvaria?

A 
frontal
parietal
sphenoid
ethmoid
temporal
occipital
21
Q

what are the bones of the facial skeleton?

A 
nasal
lacrimal
vomer
palatine
mandible
zygomatic
maxilla
inferior nasal concha
22
Q

what bone is the superior and middle concha made from?

A

the ethmoid

23
Q

what bones make up the palate?

A

maxilla

palatine bone

24
Q

what is the nasal septum formed by?

A

perpendicular plate of ethmoid
vomer
palatine bones
septal cartilages

25
Q

what is the lateral nasal wall formed by?

A

7 bones

26
Q

what is the inferior aspect of the skull divided into?

A

3 cranial fossae

  • anterior: orbital roof and frontal lobes of the brain
  • middle: contains the temporal lobes of the brain
  • posterior: contains the cerebellum, pons and medulla
27
Q

what exits the foramina of cribiform plate?

A

olfactory nerve bundles

28
Q

what exits the optical canal?

A

optic nerve

29
Q

what exits the superior orbital fissure?

A

3,4,5,6

but only the opthalmic division of the trigeminal: to lacrimal, frontal, nasocilliary

30
Q

what exits the foramen rotundum?

A

maxillary nerve

Vii

31
Q

what exits the foramen ovale?

A

mandibular nerve

Viii

32
Q

what exits the foramen spinosum?

A

middle meningial artery and nerve

33
Q

what enters via the carotid canal?

A

internal carotid artery

34
Q

what exits via the internal acoustic meatus?

A

facial nerve

vestibulotrochlear nerve

35
Q

what exits the jugular foramen?

A

9,10,11

36
Q

what exits the hypoglossal canal?

A

cn XII

37
Q

what exits the foramen magnum?

A

medulla oblongata

meninges

38
Q

sutures of the skull?

A 
Sphenosquamous 
Squanous 
Sphenoparietal
Saggital
Parietomastoid
Occipitonastoid
Coronal
Lamboid

Head And Neck (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions