Autonomic Flashcards
What is the parasympathetic system controlled by?
Venterolateral hypothalamus
What is the sympathetic supply controlled by?
Venteromedial hypothalamus
What are the nuclei of PSNS?
Edinger westphal
Superior and inferior salivatory
Dorsal Vagal motor nucleus
What are the ganglion of the PSNS?
Otic
Pterygopalatine
Submandibular
Ciliary
What does the ciliary ganglion supply and by what route?
Spinchter pupillae
Constrictor
Also refractory power of the lens
Via the short ciliary nerve
What is the preganglionic supply to the ciliary ganglion?
Occulomotor nerve
Where does the ciliary ganglion lie?
In the oribital cavity, lateral to optic nerve
Where does the pterygopalatine ganglion lie?
Pteryopalatine fossa near maxillary nerve
What does the pterygopalatine ganglion supply and via what route?
The lacrimal duct
Via zygomatic Vii and lacrimal vi
What nerve does the pterygopalatine ganglion arise from?
The facial nerve via greater petrosal nerve
Where is the submandibular ganglion?
Between submandibular and sublingual glands
Near lingual nerve, underneath the bottom molars
What does the submandibular ganglion supply and via what route?
Submandibular and sublingual salivary glands
Via the lingual nerve
Chorda tympani to the submandibular ganglion
What nerve supplies the submandibular ganglion?
The facial nerve
What nerve supplies the otic ganglion?
The glossopharyngeal nerve
What does the otic ganglion supply and via what route?
Parotid gland
Via the auriculotemporal nerve
Where is the otic ganglion?
Near the internal carotid artery in front of the ear
Near the auriculotemporal nerve
Where does the vagus nerve synapse?
In huge effector organ
What ps does the vagus nerve supply in the head and neck?
Trachea
Oesophagus
Larynx
Where does the preganglionic neurones of the sympathetic nervous system arise?
In the lateral horns of the spinal cord
Where do the postganglionic neurones of the sympathetic nervous system arise?
In the prevertebral or Paravertebral chains
What are the nerve routes that supply the sympathetic head and neck?
T1-T4
Where are the ganglia that supply the head and neck and how many are there?
3
In the cervical region although they do not arise here
What are the ganglia of the sympathetic nervous system to the head and neck?
Superior cervical
Middle cervical
Inferior cervical
Where is the superior cervical ganglion?
Anterior to C1-C4
What does the superior cervical ganglion supply?
Dilator pupillae
Nasal glands
Glands of the oral cavity
Parotid
By what route does the sympathetic supply from the superior cervical ganglion travel?
Via the internal and external carotids
Cardiac plexus
C1-C4
Pharyngeal plexus
How does sympathetic innervation get to the parotid gland?
Via the middle menangial artery
How does sympathetic innervation get to the orbit and eyeball?
Via the opthalmic artery
How does sympathetic innervation get to the glands of nose and oral cavity?
Via the facial artery
Where is the middle cervical ganglion?
Anterior to C6
What route does the sympathetic supply from the middle cervical ganglion get to its targets?
Inferior thyroid artery
Cardiac plexus
To what does the sympathetic from the middle cervical ganglion carry?
The larynx, trachea, oesophagus
What route does the sympathetics from the inferior cervical ganglion get to its targets?
Via the vertebral arteries, subclavian artery and carotid plexus
What does the inferior cervical artery sometimes fuse to form?
The cervicothoracic ganglion
What does the internal carotid plexus pass sympathetics to?
Abducens Trochlear Occulomotor Pterygopalatine ganglion Hypoglossal nerves Opthalmic nerves
