Ossification (bones) Flashcards
Cells that develop into osteoblasts. Found in the deep layers of the periosteum and the marrow.
Osteogenic (stem cell)
Cells: function is bone formation, location growing in portions of the bone, including periosteum and endosperm.
Osteoblasts (Forms bone formation)
Cells function is to maintain mineral concentration of matrix. Location found in the matrix(entrapped)
Osteocytes (maintain bone tissue)
Cells function is for bone resorption. Location found on bone surfaces and at sites of old, injured or unneeded bone. Degrade the matrix/bone, cause bone breakdown.
Osteoclasts
Protein collagen will bend but not stretch, provides flexible strength, proteoglycans.
organic matrix of the bone
Minerals hydroxapatite calcium phosphate salt provides bearing strength. Minerals fluoride, potassium, magnesium.
Inorganic matrix of the bone
Composed of blood vessels, nerves, central supply to the osteon with blood.
Haversian Canal
Perforating: moves blood between osteons
Volkmann’s Canals
The source of blood supply allowing smaller capillary beds to move from cell to cell. Small channels that connect connecting lacunae allowing nutrients and wastes to move.
Canaliculi
Concentric rings of calcified matrix.
Lamellae
Open pockets where osteocytes reside.
Lacunae
Tubular shaft that runs between the proximal and distal ends of the bone. Filled with yellow marrow, compact bone shell.
Diaphysis
The wider section at the ends of the bone. Spongy bone covers by compact bone. Enlarged to strengthen joint and attach ligaments.
Epiphysis
Acts like a shock absorber and reduces friction.
Articular cartilage
Outer fibrous layer of collagen
Periosteum
Plates of bone sandwiched between connective tissue membranes. No shaft or epiphyses. Bone marrow throughout spongy bone; no marrow cavity. Hyaline cartilage covers articular surfaces.
The structure of the Flat bone
Bone develops from a fibrous membrane, mainly in bones of skull.
Intramembranous ossification
Bone forms by replacing hyaline cartilage, long and short bone of skeleton.
Endochondral ossification
The increase in length of long bones.
Interstitial growth
The increase in length of bone thickness.
Appositional growth