OSPE Learning Flashcards
Name the level of nerve innervation of the psoas major.
L1-L3
Name the levels of nerve innervation of the gluteus maximus.
L5, S1, S2
Name the levels of nerve innervation of the gluteus medius and minimus.
L4, L5, S1
What nerve innervates the gluteus maximus?
Inferior gluteal nerve
What nerve innervates the glutues medius and minimus?
Superior gluteal nerve
Name the attachments of the psoas major.
Attaches to all lumbar vertebrae and attaches to the lesser trochanter via the iliopsoas tendon.
Name the attachments of the iliacus.
Attaches to the iliac fossa and insertes into the lesser trochanter of the femur via the iliopsoas tendon.
Name the attachments of the gluteus maximus.
Laterally attaches/blends into the IT band
Attaches to the gluteal tuberosity of the femur (deepest fibres)
Attaches medially to the most posterior aspect of the gluteal surface
Name the attachments of the gluteus medius.
Attaches inferiorly to the greater trochanter
Name the attachments of the gluteus minimus.
Attaches inferiorly to the greater trochanter
Name the function of the psoas major and iliacus.
Hip flexors
What is the function of the gluteus maximus?
Hip extension and external/lateral rotation
What is the function of the gluteus medius and minimus?
Hip abduction
What is the funciton of the piriformis?
Lateral rotation
Name the attachments of the piriformis
Attaches from the front of the second to fourth sacral segments, the gluteal surface of the ilium and the sacrotuberous ligament. It attaches to the upper medial side of the greater trochanter.
What is the function of the quadratus femoris?
Lateral rotation
What is the function of the obturator internus?
Lateral rotation
What is the function of the superior and inferior gemelli?
Lateral rotation
Describe the arrangement of the two gemelli and the obturator internus.
Obturator internus is sandwiched between the superior gemelli and inferior gemelli.
What is the main nerve that runs in the posterior gluteal region?
Sciatic nerve
Name the main nerve next to the psoas major and iliacus.
Femoral nerve
What vessel runs medially next to the psoas major?
External iliac artery
Describe the branches of the arteries of the medial gluteal region/.
External iliac artery gives off a branch of the internal iliac artery. This internal iliac then splits into the superior and inferior gluteal arteries. The inferior gluteal artery then becomes the obturator artery.
Which plexus surrounds the gluteal ateries?
Sacral plexus
Which nerve runs alongside the obturator atery?
Obturator nerve
Name three ways to distinguish the orientation of the clavicle.
Medial end is rounded whereas lateral end is flat
Medial 2/3rd is convex forward, lateral 1/3 is concave forward
Superior surface is smooth
Inferior surface is rough
What type of joint is the acromioclavicular joint?
Synovial plane joint
Which ligament supports the acromioclavicular joint?
Coracoclavicular joint (made up of trapezoid and conoid ligaments)
How do you tell the difference between the trapezoid and conoid ligaments of the coracoclavicular ligament?
Trapezoid is more lateral
Conoid ligament appears to twist and is more medial
What type of joint is the sternoclavicular joint?
Synovial saddle joint
What prevents the sternum from moving medially?
Fibrous or fibrocartilaginous articular disc
What does the sternoclavicular joint connect the clavicle to?
Sternum and first costal cartilage.
