Osmosis active transport Flashcards
What is diffusion
The net movement of a substance from a high concentration to a low concentration this process does not require energy from respiration
What does oxygen go through to get into the cell
Cell membrane
What affects the speed of diffusion
temp
The size of molecule
A big difference in concentration
Distance
If perfume was sprayed at one end of the room how would it be smelt at the other use diffusion
When you first spray the perfume the smell will only be near the person that sprayed it gradually it spreads through the room hitting other particles changing directions eventually diffusion is complete
What does diffusion is a passive process mean
It takes place along a concentration gradient from high to low and uses up no energy
What are 3 examples of where diffusion takes place in a living organism
Oxygen diffuses into cells respiration
Glucose into a cell
Getting red of waste material
What do the alvioli do
They increase the surface area and helps increase the rate of diffusion
What does the villi do
Each cell increases there surface area by having villi and it absorbs the soluble products of digestion
Why is diffusion important
It is the main way in which living organisms obtain the things they need and get rid of their waste products
What is osmosis
It is the net movement of water from a high water concentration to a low water concentration across a partially permeable membrane
What only moves by osmosis
Water
Which way does water move in osmosis
From a high to a low concentration of water across a partially permeable membrane
What will happen to animal cells if they are placed in a solution of distilled water
If the cell is in distilled water then it will burst causing water to flood out it bursts because there is so much water going into it
What will happen to a plant cell in distilled water
It doesn’t burst instead it fills up and the cell wall goes tough this is called turgid
What does hypertonic mean
Having a higher osmotic pressure
If you have a cell with 10% sugar solution in it and saturated sugar solution around it would it expand or shrivel
This cell will shrivel because osmosis is movement from a high water concentration to a low water concentration
What is a saturated solution
A solution that contains all the dissolved substances it can hold
Visking tube is selectively permeable what does this mean
Only smaller molecules can cross the membrane
How do you work out the percentage change
You take the change times 100
Original
What is definition of active transport
Active transport is where molecules move from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration against the concentration gradient it is a process that requires energy for the molecules to be carried across the membrane this energy is produced in cell respiration therefore cells that are involved in a lot of active transport usually have mitochondria
What happens in only active transport
Requires energy
Against concentration gradient
How minerals get into root hair cells
What happens in only osmosis
Only involves water
How water keeps plant cells turgid
What happens in diffusion and osmosis
High concentration to a low concentration
What happens in diffusion and active transport
Involves transport of solutes
What happens in osmosis and active transport
Needs a semi permeable membrane
What happens in osmosis diffusion and active transport
Movement of particles occur in nature
What happens in only diffusion
How oxygen leaves a leaf
Where does active transport take place in humans
Small intestine to absorb glucose from digestive food
How does surface are affect the rate of diffusion
The higher the surface are the faster
