Osmoregulation Lecture 4

Question 1

Aquaporin:

Answer 1

A specialized protein channel that facilitates diffusion of water through cell membranes

Question 2

Carrier Protein

Answer 2

Transport protein that binds a specific single solute and transports it across the lipid bilayer

Question 3

Primary Active Transport:

Answer 3

Transport in which the same protein that transports a substance also hydrolyzes ATP to power the transport directly.

Question 4

Does primary active transport move with or against gradient?

Answer 4

Moves against concentration gradient.

Question 5

Primary Active Transport The Na+/K+ Pump:

Answer 5

Expells 3 sodiums from the cells and takes 2 pottasium into the cell.

Question 6

What type of secondary active transport is used by fish to move chrloide outside fish.

Answer 6

Symport

Question 7

Symport:

Answer 7

The transport of molecules in the same direction across a membrane.

Question 8

Why are most marine vertebrates hypo-osmotic? Wouldn’t it be better to have the same ECF concentration of the sea water?

Answer 8

Due to evolution. Millenial ago an animal that was an osmo-conformer living in a place where sea water and fresh water meets, that animal had to evolve to osmo regulate, The animal developed some level of osmo regulatory ability and was able to invade another area (salt water)

Question 9

Salt gland in reptile in birds allow them to do what?

Answer 9

Drink the salt water without dieing of dehydration.

Question 10

When salt glands are activated what is shut down?

Answer 10

Kidneys. This allows the conservation of water.

Question 11

Ultrafiltration:

Answer 11

Means you have arrangement of tissues that separates the plasma. The plasma forces fluids into kidney and therefore the fluid has to go through this mesh

Question 12

Active Secretion:

Answer 12

This is seen in insects. Instead of a mesh they have active transport of NaCl into the kidney