orthoses Flashcards
1
Q
Corset
A
- is contructed of fabric and may have metal uprights within the material to provide abdominal compression and support.
- corsets are utilized to provide pressure and relieve pain associated with mid and low back pathologies
2
Q
Halo Vest Orthosis
A
- is an invasive cervical thoracic orthosis that provides full restriction of all cervical motion.
- a metal ring with four posts that attach to a vest is placed on a patient and secured by inserting four pins through the ring into the skull. this orthosis is commonly used with cervical spinal cord injuries to prevent further damage or dislocation during the recovery period.
- A patient will wear a halo vest until the spine becomes stable
3
Q
Milwaukee Orthosis
A
- is designed to promote realignment of the spine due to scoliotic curvature
- the orthosis is custom made and extends from the pelvis to the upper chest
- corrective padding is applied to the areas of severity of the curve
4
Q
Taylor brace
A
- is a thoracolumbosacral orthosis that limits trunk flexion and extension through a three-point control design
5
Q
TLSO
thoracolumbosacral orthosis
A
a custom molded TLSO is utilized to prevent all trunk motions and is commonly utilized as a means of post-surgical stabilization. the rigid shell is fabricated from plastics in a bivalve style using straps /velcro to secure the orthosis
6
Q
foot orthosis
A
- a semirigid or rigid insert worn inside a shoe that corrects foot alignment and improves function. may also be used to relieve pain
- a foot orthosis is cutom molded and is often designed for a specific level of functioning
7
Q
ankle-foot orthosis
A
consists of two metal uprights connected proximally to a calf band and distally to a mechanical ankle joint and shoe.
- the ankle joint may have the ability to be locked and not allow any motion, or set to have limited anterior/posterior capability depending on the patient’s head.
- a plastic AFO is fabricated by cast mold of the patient’s lower extremity. the use of plastic is more cosmetic, lighter, and requires that if a patient presents wth edema it does not significantly fluctuate
- proper fit of a plastic AFO requires that a patient be casted in a subtalar neutral position
- a footplate can be incorporated into the AFO to assist with tone reduction.
- Solid AFO control DF/PF and also inversion/ eversion with a trim line anterior to the malleoli. they can be fabricated to keep the ankle positioned at 90 degrees or can be fabricated with an articulating ankle joint. this articulation allows the tibia to advance over the foot during the mid to late stance phase of gait.
8
Q
Posterior leaf spring
A
-platsic AFO with a trim line posterior to the malleoli. its primary purpose is to assist with DF and prevent foot drop. it requires adequate medial/lateral control by the patient
9
Q
floor reaction AFO
A
- assists with knee extension during stance through positioning of a calf band and/or positioning at the ankle.
10
Q
KAFO
A
- provides support and stability to the knee and ankle
- the orthosis can be fabricated using two metal uprights extending from the foot/shoe to the thigh with calf and thigh bands.
- Plastic KAFO are fabricated by a cast mold of the patient’s LE. a platsic thigh shell is connected to a plastic AFO through metal uprights lateral and medial to the knee joint. Both types allow for a lock mechanism at the knee that provides stability. the ankle is also held in proper alignment
11
Q
Craig-Scott KAFO
A
- designed specifically for persons with paraplegia
- this design allows a person to stand with a posterior lean of the trunk
12
Q
HKAFO
A
- is indicated for patients with hip, foot, knee and ankle weakness
- it consists of bilateral KAFO with an extension to the hip joints and a pelvic band.
- the othosis can control rotation at the hip and abduction/adduction
- the orthosis is heavy and restricts patients to a swing- to or swing-through gait ppattern
13
Q
Reciprocating Gait Orthosis
A
- is a derivative of the HKAFO and incorporates a cable system to assist with advancement of the LE during gait. When the patient shifts weight onto a selected LE, the cable system advances the opposite lower extremity. the othoses are used primarily for patients with paraplegia
14
Q
Parapodium
A
- is a standing frame designed to allow a patient to sit when necessary. it is a prefabricated frame and ambulation is achieved by shifting weight and rocking the base across the floor. it is primarily used by the pediatric population
15
Q
heel wedges
A
- can be applied to the medial heel tp prevent excessive hindfoot eversion or to the lateral heel to prevent excessive hindfoot inversion. heel wedges can be used to treat symptoms associated with pes planus or pes cavus
