Orthopedics Flashcards

1
Q

Normal oddities in peadiatric anatomy

A

Bow legs
knock knee
flat feet

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2
Q

what should you be concerned with crawling

A

When legs are moving differently. one can only rotating, hips may need adjusting.
Look when kids look like they want to walk but cant

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3
Q

what are gait affecting issues

A

Toe walk: see if can heel toe walk to rule out cerebral palsy

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4
Q

Anatomic kid problems

A

Club foot.
scoliosis
Congenital hip dislocation.

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5
Q

club foot treatment diagnosis

A

t weeks of birth

treatment: stretch, casts, brace, surgery

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6
Q

Scoliosis treatment

A

Abnormal lateral curverature of the spine: 10% have them.

monitor to ensure isn’t progression

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7
Q

congenital hip dislocation

A

Hip click chest on infant well child visit

ortalani maneuver

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8
Q

what is the Ortalani maneuver

A

Always do them one at a time!!!
flex thigh onto abdomen to right angle,
fully abduct to the side
should feel a cluck if is dislocated

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9
Q

what is the most common cause of limb pain in children

A

Trauma:

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10
Q

Causes of limb pain in trauma

A
  • trauma
  • growing pains
  • infection
  • arthritis
  • JRA
  • lyme disease
  • other
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11
Q

ssx of growing pains

A

worse at night: halmark
bilateral
intermittent pain not signs of inflammation
Idiopathic

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12
Q

ssx of possible osteolyelitis

A

sudden-onset unilateral bone pain with fever
Fever
point tenderness, swelling
heat at site of infection

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13
Q

what should be done for hyperextensible extreamities

A

avoid activities that want you to be flexible.

ie gym

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14
Q

location of growing pain:

A

shins, feet, ankles, wrist theighs.

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15
Q

treatment

A

arnica or trammel gel near the bed.
Arnica homeopathic
Cal mag supplement at night

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16
Q

most common osteomyelitis

A

staph and strep most common cause

femur and tibia

17
Q

septic arthritis ssx

A
ONE JOINT: looks slick
inflammation of infected joint, 
mostly male, 
2-6 
fever, warm and swollen
18
Q

JRA

A

MULTIPLE JOINTS: not as sick
one joint for minimum of 6 weeks
refer to rheumatologist

19
Q

Lyme disease

A

Hx of rash and tick bite

20
Q

osteochrondroses

A

Localized pain and tenderness
Osgood schlatter: apophysis of tibial tubercle
leg calve parthese: fadehemoral

21
Q

Tumors

A

bone pain

unremitting worse at night

22
Q

Slipped capital femoral epiphysis

A

painful limp loss of mobility

23
Q

chondromalacia patellae.

A

localized knee pain with crepitis

softening of underside of patella

24
Q

limp c

auses

A
Check from feet to lower back and look for trauma
trauma
inflammation
inflection
for fun
25
Q

Nursemaids’s elbow/dislocated of radial head

A
  • small children
  • longitudinal pull while elbow is pronated
  • kid wont use arm
    Can move shoulder, will hit you if they
    stabalize at elbow, hold wrist and supinate then and up palm of hand on shoulter
26
Q

shoulder dislocation

A

teens/ athletes

Refer

27
Q

PE for trauma

A

ROM, can they sleep
X ray refer
ER if cant bear weight, abnormal ROM, can’t sleep, or visable bone deformity or severe swelling in 30 min

28
Q

trama treatment if not fracture

A

arnica
RICE
analgesics
excuse from PE