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Pediatrics final > Genitourinary sx > Flashcards

Genitourinary sx Flashcards

1
Q

Polycystic kidney disease, ssx

A 
congenital:  disorder wit cystic involvement of both kidneys
Ultrasound  masses
palpaple kidneys
respiratory distress
hepatomegaly
HTN
polydipsia and polyuria
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2
Q

what can cause UTI

A

Ascending infection - diapers
dysfunctional voiding: delayed maturation, constipation
Urinary tract abnormalities/obstruction, etc

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3
Q

sign of UTI in infant

A

non specific
vomiting, irritability, poor feeding and fever
suspect in any febrile baby less than 1 year, uncircumscised male, and preschool aged girls

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4
Q

Sign in UTI child

A

urgency, prequency, dysuria, hesitancy, suprapubic discomfort.

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5
Q

DX UTI

A

clean catch, urinalysis, , culture

>10*5

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6
Q

COmplications in UTI

A

repeat UTI can cause scarring leading to renal disease and HTN in adult

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7
Q

treatment for pyelo

A

IV antibiotics for infants and neonates with abnormalities. and those to young to take oral antibiotics, ampicillin, gentamicin

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8
Q

treatment for cyxtitis

A

oral antibitoics, amoxicillin

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9
Q

Proteinuria

A

> 100mg day

REfer

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10
Q

Labs for proteinuria

A

urine dipstick

24hr urine protein

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11
Q

when should you not worry about proteinuria

A

when its transient because it can be caused by fever, cold, stress, dehydration and exercize

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12
Q

Nephrotic syndroe

A

glomerular disorder with proteinuria, hypoproteinemia, edema, hypercholestrolema

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13
Q

Onset of nephrotic syndrom

A

boys, 3yo
Fatigue, reduce appetite, facial and abdominal swelling
foamy urine.

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14
Q

physical exam findings of nephrotic syndrome

A

pitting edema,
white nails, soft ear cartilage,
hepatomegaly
htn

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15
Q

Labs for nephrotic syndrome

A

4+ on urine dipstick
24 hr urine protein >40/day
Urine protein/creatinine ration >1
renal ultrasound

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16
Q

Treatment for nephrotic syndrome

A

refer

restrict salt, low protein, corticosteroids.

17
Q

Gomerulonephritis presentation

A 
hematuria
oliguria
htn
jujular venus distention
hematomegaly
impetigo
vasculitis
18
Q

causes of glomerulonephritis

A
  • autioimmune diseases and vasculitis
  • Renal disease and low serum complement
  • systemic disease with normal serum complement
  • renal disease and low serum complement
19
Q

acute glomerulonephritis when

A

5-15

chronic 10 to adulthood

20
Q

labs for glomerulonephritis

A 
throat culture
urine microscopy for RBC and casts
serum chemistries
ASOT
complement 3
ECG
21
Q

treatment for Glomerulonephritis

A

refer
loop diruetics, antihypertensives,
low protein
low acid

22
Q

enuresis

A

involuntary loss of urine in children over 6 years old

mostly primary: not go 3 month wo wetting bed

23
Q

secondary enuresis

A

child dry for 6 months then relapse of enuresis.
- uti
emotiona sttress

24
Q

PE for enuresis

A

neuro exam
abdominal exam
genital exam
rectal exam.

25
Q

meds for enuresis

A

desmopressin, imipramine, tricyclic antidepressants

26
Q

vulvovaginitis

A

inflammation of vulva and vagina caused by infection, foreign bodies and irritants.

27
Q

normal physiologic leucorrhea

A

clear or white, non puritis, non irritating and non malodorus

28
Q

vulvovaginitis labs

A

Culture, wet prep for yeast
GC/CT
Pap if sexually active

29
Q

labial adhesions

A

often resolve after 6-18 months or do surgery, topical estrogen.

30
Q

hypospadium, spispadius

A

displacement of meatal opening
surgery
don’t recommend circumcision

31
Q

meatal stenosis

A

mostly circumscized boys, narrowing due to irritaiton

32
Q

phimosis

A

in those not circumscised

attachment of prepus to glans, firbrotic tissue. can be caused by irritation

33
Q

phimosis treatment

A

circumcision or betamethasone cream.

34
Q

Balantitis

A

glans infection from yeast and gram + bacteria

35
Q

treatment balanitis

A

barrier creams, treat yeast or bacteria with antifuncal or antibiotic

36
Q

circumcision

A

forescin may not be fully retractable untill second or 3rd year. leave alone untill retracts easily (6ms and 3 years) teach kid to start cleaning it well

37
Q

Inguina hearnia

A

common 3-5 %, mostly boys

38
Q

PE inguinal hernia

A

bulge that is apparent upright not supine.

39
Q

dx hernia

A

clinical and ultrasound then surgery.

Pediatrics final (11 decks)

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