dermatology Flashcards
eczema
chronic, recurrent puritic skin eruption that generally begins in infancy
genetic component of family atopy
ssx of exzema infants
cheeks,
extensor surfaces of arms and legs
eczema age 2
flexural involvement neck, antecubital, popliteal
eczema lesions
erythema, edema, papules, vesicles, lichenification
oozing crusting weeping
waxing and waning
eczema diagnosis
clinical symptoms
elevated igE levels
distribution
dx of exclusion sometimes
recommendations for eczema
mild or no soap
use emolients immediately after bath
allopathic treatment
corticosteroids,
oral antibitics for superinfections
anthhistamines for itching
topical immunosupressantes
ND treatment
food sensitivities, probiotics, EFA's prevent scratcing yogurt bath, bleachbath probiotic, fish oil, vit d vit C
seborrheic derm
YELLOW ERYTHEMATOUS SCALY GREASY LESIONS LONCATED on scalp, face etc. places with lots of sebaceous glands.
what is causative factore of seborrheic derm
pityrosoporum ovale/malassezia,
hormones,
low grade inflammation
who gets seborrheic derm /cradle cap
infants, it resolves within first year then may return in adolecence
treatment for seborrheic derm
- sulfur or salicylic acid shampoo
- warm oil scalp scrub
- EFA
Diaper rash
collection of skin rashes grouped together by location
fricttion shiny, red rash,
red, hot and shiney.
what types of diaper ash
Irritaiton allergic atopic: itchy seborrhea: yellow-salmon greasy rash candidal: beefy read rash, sharp margin, sattelight lesion, bacterial: bullus and pustules food sensitivity: bulls eye second to diarrhea
what can cause kids to refuse to poop from pain?
Perianal strep cellulitis
bullseye rash around anus that is bright red.
use a strep test.
how to treat yeast?
miconazole: allopathic
boric acid salve
vinegar rinse
yogurt path
treat bacteria
Mupirocin: allopathic
goldenseal powder
prebiotics
how should diapers be treated to prevent diaper rash
cloth diabers should be washed in hot water, double rinse and then cleaned in vinegar every few washes.
impetigo
superficial skin infection
often staff and they ususally self resolve within 2 weeks
how is impetigo transmitted
fomites or direct contact
PE for impetego
rare fever
possible LA
honey crusted red papule
diagnosis impetigo
clinical
complications of impetigo
may progress to cellulitis
scarlet fever
post strep glomerulonephritis
septicemia
impetigo treatment
clean, remove crust,
topical mupirocin
topical pultices
culture and sensitivity if it lingers.
molluscum contagiosum
skin colored smooth, waxy, imbilicated papules 2-10 mm in dameter
spread by direct contact
treatment for molluscum contagiosum
leave them alone, make take 6 most
can pop them
lice types
Head: fomites, direct contact, schools
pubic: direct contact spread,
body: live on clothing: fomites of clthing, crowded conditions and poor hygine
PE for lice
look for nits, perianal region, seams of clothing, remove along entire hair shaft
treatment for lice
permethrin 1% cream: nix, ovocidal
pyrethrins rid, less ovocidal
malathion - ovocide
lindane 1% lotion ; Kwell: not recommended.
how to remove lice
soak hair with vinegar for 30-60 minutes followed by combing with nit comb.
scabies
scarcopetes scabei
females burrow in skin and lay eggs.
scabies PE
hands, foot and heel, wrist,
serpiginous burrow with brown dot at paths edge.
crusted papules
secondary infections, impetigo
lab for scabies
skin scraping after moistening burrow with alcohol, place on slide with KOH and ID female, egg, larva or feces
treatment for scabies
permethrin creaam 5% if over 2 months old
lindame 1% : leeave on for 8-12 hours before washing off.
wash all bedding, treat all family memebers
Urticaria
transiet pink wheals
management urticaria
epinephrine, antihistamines, apis
bioflavinoids, quercitin
claritin, syrtec
strawberry hemangiomas
reassure they are not a concern
raised bright red lesion that developes within 1st months, most resolve spontaneously by 7years,
treatment for strawberry hemangiomas
prednisone 10mg BID
propanonl
port wine stain - nevus flamus
flat, pink red or purpulish lesion present at birth.
permanent***
can try to remove with lazer
port wine stains may be assoicated with what sydrome
sturge weber syndrome.
mongolian spots
don’t mistake for a injury or bruise
macular blue gray pigmentation on sacral ara of infants.
most disappear by 4 years but can persist forever
insect bit treatment
potato pultice
