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NREMT® Paramedic > EMT-P (3) Trauma > Orthopedic Trauma > Flashcards

Orthopedic Trauma Flashcards

Learn the different interventions and causes of Orthopedic Trauma

1
Q

Define:

tendons

A

It connects the muscles to the bones.

MTB: Muscles-To-Bones

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2
Q

Define:

hematopoiesis

A

The generation of blood cells.

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3
Q

What is the axial skeleton composed of?

A
  • Spine
  • Skull
  • Ribs
  • Sternum
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4
Q

What is the appendicular skeleton composed of?

A
  • Extremities
  • Pelvis
  • Clavicles
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5
Q

What are the three regions of the long bone?

A
  • Diaphysis
  • Epiphysis
  • Metaphysis
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6
Q

What is the function of the cartilage?

A

To provide a cushion to the bones from wear and tear.

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7
Q

What is found within the red marrow and yellow marrow of the bones?

A
  • red: Red Blood Cell production
  • yellow: fats and nutrients
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8
Q

Name the three types of joints.

A
  • Fibrous
  • Cartilaginous
  • Synovial
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9
Q

Define:

ligament

A

It connects the bone to another bone.

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10
Q

Define:

Pathological Fracture

A

A fracture caused by a medical condition/disease that weakens the bone.

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11
Q

What are the different types of fracture classification?

A
  • Transverse
  • Spiral
  • Oblique
  • Comminuted
  • Greenstick
  • Compression
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12
Q

Define:

compound or open fracture

A

A fracture that causes a disruption of the skin.

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13
Q

What are the signs/symptoms of a fracture?

A
  • deformity
  • shortening
  • swelling
  • guarding
  • tenderness
  • crepitus
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14
Q

Define:

crepitus

A

Crunching sounds often heard or felt when palpating.

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15
Q

Define:

dislocation

A

A bone separated from its joint.

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16
Q

Define:

Subluxation

A

partial dislocation

17
Q

Define:

sprain

A

The stretching/tearing of ligaments.

18
Q

Define:

strain

A

Muscle and/or tendon injury from stretching.

19
Q

What are the 6 P’s of a musculoskeletal assessment?

A
  • Pain
  • Paralysis
  • Paresthesia
  • Pulselessness
  • Pallor
  • Pressure
20
Q

How do you assess an extremity for perfusion and function?

A

PMS:

  • Pulse
  • Motor
  • Sensory
21
Q

What is the potential blood loss in pelvic injury?

A

1500-3000 ml

22
Q

What is the potential blood loss in femur injury?

A

1000-1500 ml

23
Q

What is the potential blood loss in humerus and tibia/fibula injuries?

A

250-500 ml

24
Q

What are some ways to control pain in a musculoskeletal injury?

A
  • splint
  • cold/hot compress
  • medication
25
Q

Fill in the blank.

When splinting you must check the PMS _____ and _____ applying the splint.

A

before, after

26
Q

What are the types of splints?

A
  • Rigid
  • Sling and Swathe
  • Pneumatic
  • Vacuum
  • Traction
  • Pillow
  • Buddy
26
Q

What are some complications in using a pneumatic splint?

A

under or over inflation

27
Q

What are the indications of a traction splint?

A
  • closed femur fracture
  • mid shaft
  • no ankle/pelvic involvement
  • no distal long bone fracture
28
Q

How far should a traction splint extend beyond the foot?

A

6-10’’

29
Q

Define:

Devascularization

A

The loss of blood flow after a fracture due to the trauma of the surrounding vessels.

30
Q

Treatment:

fractures in the shoulder region

A

sling and swathe

31
Q

Treatment:

mid-shaft humerus fracture

A
  • Apply longitudinal traction if compromised PMS
  • Splint joint above, joint below
  • Sling and swathe arm to chest
32
Q

Define:

Boxer’s fracture

A

Fracture of the pinky (finger).

It is common after punching an object.

33
Q

Treatment:

fractures of the hand and/or wrist

A
  • Place the hand in a POC.
  • Have the patient hold a roll of gauze to maintain a natural hand position.
  • Splint the joints above and below the fracture site.
34
Q

What is of concern with pelvic fractures?

A

blood loss

35
Q

Treatment:

pelvic fracture

A
  • pelvic binder
  • scoop stretcher
36
Q

Treatment:

femur fractures

A

Use a traction device if no contraindication.

37
Q

What are the key assessment signs of an Achilles tendon rupture?

A

Pain from the heel to the calf and inability to flex the foot.

38
Q

Define:

Arthritis

A

Inflammation of a joint.

EMT-P (3) Trauma (10 decks)

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