Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

NREMT® Paramedic > EMT-P (3) Trauma > Bleeding > Flashcards

Bleeding Flashcards

Learn how bleeding occurs and the proper treatments to stop it

1
Q

What is blood composed of?

A
  • plasma 55%
  • RBC 45%
  • WBC and platelets 1%
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the purpose of plasma?

A

It carries nutrients, minerals, and chemicals throughout the body.

Plasma is the carrier for blood.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the purpose of platelets?

A

Build up clots to stop bleeding.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the purpose of Red Blood Cells (RBC)?

A

It carries oxygen throughout the body via hemoglobin (Hgb).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the purpose of hemoglobin?

A

It carries oxygen molecules throughout the body.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Define:

perfusion

A

The circulation of blood to meet an organ’s or tissue’s oxygen demand.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How much blood volume is in the body?

A
  • Male: 70 ml/kg
  • Female: 65 ml/kg
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the Oxyhemoglobin diassociation curve?

A

Check the image.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Fill in the blank.

The clotting proteins are produced by the _____.

A

liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Describe how blood flows in the physiology of an arterial injury.

A

Blood spurts initially due to high pressure, but begins to flow steadily as the pressure drops.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How much internal bleeding can possibly occur with femur fractures?

A

1 liter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What medications interfere with clotting abilities?

A
  • Aspirin
  • Beta blockers
  • Blood thinners
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the process in which platelets aggregate at an injured site in order to stop bleeding?

A

hemostasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the condition in which a person lacks appropriate clotting factors?

A

hemophilia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Name the three classes of hemorrhagic shock.

A
  1. Compensated
  2. Decompensated
  3. Irreversible
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the vitals and blood loss from Compensated Shock?

Class I and II

A

Vitals:

  • HR: <100 or >100 bpm
  • BP: normal
  • RR: 14-30 breaths per min
  • CNS: slightly to mildly anxious
  • Skin color: cool, pale or pink
  • Fluid replacement: crystalloid

Blood Loss: 750-1500ml

17
Q

What are the vitals and blood loss from Decompensated Shock?

Class III

A

Vitals:

  • HR: 30-40 bpm
  • BP: Low
  • RR: 30-40 breaths per min
  • CNS: anxious and/or confused
  • Skin color: cold, pale, moist
  • Fluid replacement: crystalloid and blood

Blood Loss: 1,500-2,000 ml

18
Q

What are the vitals and blood loss from Irreversible Shock?

Class IV

A

Vitals:

  • HR: >140 bpm
  • BP: really low
  • RR: >35 breaths per min
  • CNS: confused and lethargic
  • Skin color: cold, cyanotic
  • Fluid replacement: crystalloid and blood

Blood Loss: >2,000ml

19
Q

What is a vomited blood called?

A

hematemesis

20
Q

What is a coughed-up blood called that is typically bright red?

A

hemoptysis

21
Q

What is a black, tarry stool, that is composed of digested blood?

A

melena

Indicates lower GI bleed.

22
Q

Fill in the blank.

Blood in the urine is called _____.

A

hematuria

23
Q

Fill in the blank.

Hematochezia is the passage of ______ ____ blood.

A

bright red

It typically indicates hemorrhoids in the lower GI.

24
Q

What is the sign for internal bleeding with referred left shoulder pain?

A

Kehr’s Sign

Indicates an injured or ruptured spleen.

25
Q

How do you manage external hemorrhage?

A
  1. Apply direct pressure with a dry, sterile dressing.
  2. Apply pressure dressing.
  3. If not controlled, apply a tourniquet.
26
Q

What do you apply to a wound that is spurting blood?

A
  • direct pressure
  • pressure dressing
27
Q

What do you apply to a wound that is spurting bright red blood uncontrollably?

A

tourniquet

28
Q

List the DO’s and DONT’s for applying a tourniquet.

A

DO:

  • Use a commercial tourniquet (TQ) or the widest bandage possible.
  • Apply the windlass until the distal pulse is absent.
  • Write the time of application on the TQ.
  • Leave a 2-finger distance from the joint.

DO NOT:

  • Apply over a joint.
  • Use wire, rope, or a belt.
  • Cover a TQ with a bandage.
29
Q

What do you use to stop internal bleeding from a pelvic fracture?

A

pelvic binder/splint

30
Q

How do splints help to decrease bleeding?

A

It stabilizes movement of broken bones in the pelvic cavity.

Broken bones lacerate surrounding tissues and exacerbate the injury.

31
Q

What type of material should be used in packing a wound?

A

hemostatic agent

32
Q

What are the steps to a Primary Assessment?

List the steps in order.

A
  • Hemorrhage
  • Airway
  • Breathing
  • Circulation
  • Disability
  • Environment

If there is visible bleeding, identify the source and address it.

EMT-P (3) Trauma (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions