Orthopedic Tests

Question 1

A positive Rust’s sign indicates what?

Answer 1

Severe sprain
Severe cervical subluxation
Fracture
Rheumatoid arthritis

Question 2

Rust’s sign presence suggests what?

Answer 2

Sever upper cervical (Atlanto-axial) instability

Question 3

What are the clinical indications for Rust sign?

Answer 3

1) Suggest ligament, muscle damage or possible fracture

2) X-RAY patient BEFORE performing any other tests (Flexion/extension films)

Question 4

The procedure of the examiner applying thumb pressure to the mastoid process and gradually increases the pressure until the patient states that it is becoming noticeably uncomfortable is known as?

Answer 4

Libman’s sign

Question 5

What does libman’s sign demonstrate?

Answer 5

Unusually low, high, or normal threshold for pain in the patient?

Question 6

What is the clinical indication for Libman’s sign?

Answer 6

Is useful for interpretation of palpation findings in later exams
(Establishes pain tolerance for accurate Borg scale)

Question 7

What is the sign for when the patient will be in a seated position and will place the hand of the affected extremity on top of their head, raising the elbow to the level of the ear?

Answer 7

Bakody sign

Question 8

What sign is a position that the patient will assume if they have severe radicular symptoms?

Answer 8

Bakody sign

Question 9

Decreasing the traction of the lower part of the brachial plexus and thus diminishing pain is the function of what sign?

Answer 9

Bakody sign

Question 10

What is the advantage of bakody sign over a compression test?

Answer 10

It’s as effective as a compression test and causes the patient a lot less pain
(Note location of pain to help identify etiology of pain)

Question 11

What is a positive reverse bakody sign?

Answer 11

Pain of patient chief complaint is exacerbated.

Question 12

What does a positive reverse bakody sign indicate?

Answer 12

Thoracic outlet syndrome from interscalene compression

Question 13

What is a negative bakody sign?

Answer 13

When the patient places the hand over head and there no change in pain or no pain in neck/arm

Question 14

Differentiating a nerve root (IVF) encroachment from a thoracic outlet syndrome is the clinical indication for what?

Answer 14

Negative Bakody Sign

Question 15

Radiating multi dermatomal pain is usually indicative of what?

Answer 15

Brachial plexus
Or
Vascular

Question 16

When the patient is asked to abduct the shoulder to 90 degrees and then put the elbow into full extension its known as?

Answer 16

Bikele’s sign

Question 17

What is the purpose of Bikele’s sign?

Answer 17

Placing patient in a position that will traction the brachial plexus and its nerve roots

Question 18

Stressing the brachial plexus is the function of what sign?

Answer 18

Bikele’s sign

Question 19

What are the findings of Bikele’s sign?

Answer 19

The pain is radicular in nature and goes into the arm

Question 20

What test has the patient abduct both shoulders to 90 degrees and place the hands behind the head. The doctor the pulls the elbows back?

Answer 20

Brachial plexus tension test

Question 21

What is the purpose/function of the brachial plexus tension test?

Answer 21

Place tension on the brachial plexus. What the F*** else do you think it would do…

Question 22

What are the pain findings for the brachial plexus tension test?

Answer 22

Pain is radicular and goes into the arm

Question 23

What is the procedure of Dejerine’s sign?

Answer 23

Coughing, sneezing and straining during defecation, which may cause aggravation of radiculitis symptoms

Question 24

What causes the aggravated radiculitis symptoms during Dejerine sign?

Answer 24

Due to mechanical obstruction(SOL) such as a herniated or protruding intervertebral disc, spinal cord tumor or spinal compression fracture

Question 25

If the patient spontaneously grasps the head with both hands when lying down or when rising from a recumbent position, this is known as what sign?

Answer 25

Rust’s sign