Orthopedic Tests Flashcards
A positive Rust’s sign indicates what?
Severe sprain
Severe cervical subluxation
Fracture
Rheumatoid arthritis
Rust’s sign presence suggests what?
Sever upper cervical (Atlanto-axial) instability
What are the clinical indications for Rust sign?
1) Suggest ligament, muscle damage or possible fracture
2) X-RAY patient BEFORE performing any other tests (Flexion/extension films)
The procedure of the examiner applying thumb pressure to the mastoid process and gradually increases the pressure until the patient states that it is becoming noticeably uncomfortable is known as?
Libman’s sign
What does libman’s sign demonstrate?
Unusually low, high, or normal threshold for pain in the patient?
What is the clinical indication for Libman’s sign?
Is useful for interpretation of palpation findings in later exams
(Establishes pain tolerance for accurate Borg scale)
What is the sign for when the patient will be in a seated position and will place the hand of the affected extremity on top of their head, raising the elbow to the level of the ear?
Bakody sign
What sign is a position that the patient will assume if they have severe radicular symptoms?
Bakody sign
Decreasing the traction of the lower part of the brachial plexus and thus diminishing pain is the function of what sign?
Bakody sign
What is the advantage of bakody sign over a compression test?
It’s as effective as a compression test and causes the patient a lot less pain
(Note location of pain to help identify etiology of pain)
What is a positive reverse bakody sign?
Pain of patient chief complaint is exacerbated.
What does a positive reverse bakody sign indicate?
Thoracic outlet syndrome from interscalene compression
What is a negative bakody sign?
When the patient places the hand over head and there no change in pain or no pain in neck/arm
Differentiating a nerve root (IVF) encroachment from a thoracic outlet syndrome is the clinical indication for what?
Negative Bakody Sign
Radiating multi dermatomal pain is usually indicative of what?
Brachial plexus
Or
Vascular
When the patient is asked to abduct the shoulder to 90 degrees and then put the elbow into full extension its known as?
Bikele’s sign
What is the purpose of Bikele’s sign?
Placing patient in a position that will traction the brachial plexus and its nerve roots
Stressing the brachial plexus is the function of what sign?
Bikele’s sign
What are the findings of Bikele’s sign?
The pain is radicular in nature and goes into the arm
What test has the patient abduct both shoulders to 90 degrees and place the hands behind the head. The doctor the pulls the elbows back?
Brachial plexus tension test
What is the purpose/function of the brachial plexus tension test?
Place tension on the brachial plexus. What the F*** else do you think it would do…
What are the pain findings for the brachial plexus tension test?
Pain is radicular and goes into the arm
What is the procedure of Dejerine’s sign?
Coughing, sneezing and straining during defecation, which may cause aggravation of radiculitis symptoms
What causes the aggravated radiculitis symptoms during Dejerine sign?
Due to mechanical obstruction(SOL) such as a herniated or protruding intervertebral disc, spinal cord tumor or spinal compression fracture
