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Dr Bishoy Voice Shots > Orthopedic > Flashcards

Orthopedic Flashcards

1
Q

Muscles innervated by musculocutaneous nerve

A

BBC

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2
Q

Root of radial nerve

A

C5-T1

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3
Q

Muscles supplied by main radial nerve and by posterior interosseous nerve( PIN)

A

BEAT
Brachioradialis
Extensor Carpi radialis (compartment 2)
Anconeus
Triceps
PIN
Extensor compartments 13456

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4
Q

Sensory loss of radial nerve

A

Coin in snuff box

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5
Q

Sensory loss of radial nerve

A

Coin in snuff box

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6
Q

State of metacarpophalangeal joints if radial nerve is cut in axilla

A

Loss of extension

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7
Q

State of interphalangeal joints if radial nerve is cut in axilla

A

Can be extended by action of lumbricals(median and ulnar nerve)

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8
Q

Nerve supply of long head of triceps

A

Axillary+radial

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9
Q

Nerve of all forearm flexors

A

All by median
Extension
Except flexor Carpi ulnaris and material half of flexor digitorum profunda

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10
Q

Muscles supplied by ulnar nerve

A

MAFIA
Medial 2 lumbricals
Abductor digiti minimi,opponens d.minimi
Flexor digiti minimi,
Flexor digitorum profunda (medial 2)
Interossei
Adductor pollicis

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11
Q

Nerve to pronator teres

A

Median nerve

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12
Q

Root of ulnar nerve

A

C8-T1

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13
Q

Nerve passing beneath flexor Carpi ulnaris along it

A

Ulnar nerve

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14
Q

Relation of ulnar nerve to flexor retinaculum

A

Superficial to it
Within Guyon’s canal

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15
Q

Epicondyles and redial and ulnar nerve

A

R anterior to epicondyle then goes Dorsal
U posterior to epicondyle then goes Volar

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16
Q

Basis of ulnar paradox

A

More PROXIMAL injury causes simultaneous paralysis of flexor digitorum profunda

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17
Q

Nerve to
Adductor pollicis
Abductor pollicis brevis
Abductor pollicis Longus

A

Ad. Po. Ulnar
Ab. Po. Br. Median
Ab. Po. Lo. PIN (Radial)

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18
Q

Nerves behind marriage stability

A

Ulnar+Median+Radial

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19
Q

Sign of Erb’s palsy and injured nerve

A

WAITER’S tip
Nerve root injury of C5 C6 by hyper lateral extension of neck
*Paralysis of
Deltoid
Biceps
Brachialis
Coracoacromial
*Causing
Weakness of shoulder abduction (not completely lost because other adductor are intact and patient learns swinging of arm)
Loss of elbow flexion and week supination
Sensory loss over lateral aspect of arm

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20
Q

Klumpke’s palsy

A

Root lesion of C8,T1 by hyper abduction of shoulder joint
(ulnar paralysis) There is sympathetic interruption with absent of sweating
Features
Claw hand
Wrist drop

21
Q

Cervical sympathetic nerve injury may cause

A

Horner’s syndrome maybe associates with T1 lesion
Ipsilateral -
Ptosis
Miosis
Anhydrosis

22
Q

Relation of median nerve to brachial artery

A

LAM
Lateral
Anterior
Medial

23
Q

Only thenar muscle supplied by ulnar nerve

A

Adductor pollicis

24
Q

Affected part of spinal cord by poliomyelitis

A

Anterior horn segment wise, so an example like—total deltoid paralysis
So no sensory loss

25
Q

Muscles attaching scapula to chest wall and maintaining normal scapular control

A

Trapeziu
Levator scapulae
Rhomboid major& minor
Pectoralis minor
Omohyoid
Serratus anterior (long T. C5-7 injury from axillary node biopsy, radical mastectomy, sports stretch injury,viral infection causing winging)
Latissimus dorsi (mild winging of scapula with weakness of shoulder abduction)

26
Q

Global muscle wasting of hand

A

Damage to both median and ulnar nerve with damage to T1 nerve root
Syringomyelia,motor neuron disease

27
Q

Structures superficial to flexor retinaculum

A

From medial to lateral
Ulnar nerve
Ulnar artery
Palmaris Longus

28
Q

Structures inside flexor retinaculum other than tendons

A

Only median nerve

29
Q

Termination of ulnar artery

A

After passing superficial to flexor retinaculum it divides into superficial and deep volar arterial arches

30
Q

Relation of ulnar artery

A

Less on—
BRACHIALIS
Flexor digitorum profundus
Deep to—
Pronator teres (also median nerve runs below it)
Flexor Carpi radialis
Palmaris Longus

31
Q

What separates ulnar artery from median nerve

A

Ulnar head of pronator teres

32
Q

What separates ulnar artery from ulnar nerve

A

Ulnar head of pronator teres

33
Q

Relation of radial nerve and radial artery

A

There is no relation between them apart from name

34
Q

Root of radial nerve

A

C5-T1
As it arrives from posterior cord

35
Q

Artery twisted to radial nerve and where

A

Profunda brachii
Along radial groove of humerus

36
Q

At what level of ulnar nerve injury will cause more severe manifestation
1. Behind medial epicondyle
2. At Guyon’s canal

A

At Guyon’s canal—more clawing & inability to put the hand in writing position
Due to ulnar paradox (the upper the injury the more loss of small branches leading to paralysis of flexor digiti profunda)

37
Q

Only good thing about ulnar paradox

A

Distal lesion may produce more prominent manifestation but as injured nerve is of smaller diameter so it’ll heal comparatively faster
Rate of nerve regretting is 1mm per day

38
Q

Only good thing about ulnar paradox

A

Distal lesion may produce more prominent manifestation but as injured nerve is of smaller diameter so it’ll heal comparatively faster
Rate of nerve regretting is 1mm per day

39
Q

Muscles having motor supply purely from main radial nerve

A

Brachioradialis
Extensor Carpi radialis longus and brevis

40
Q

Content of Guyon’s canal

A

Guyon’s canal protects the ulnar artery and nerve as they travel from the wrist to the hand.

41
Q

Mnemonic for extensor compartments of wrist 3—2—1

A

Ex.Po. Ex.Ca.Ra. Ex.Po. Ab.Po.
Longus Brevis Longus Brevis Longus
(3) ( 2 ) ( 1 )

42
Q

Use of extensor Carpi radialis longus tendon

A

In tension graft
Because this muscle is less used

43
Q

Relation of extensor compartments with anatomical snuff box

A

Medial border formed by 3rd compartment
Lateral border formed by 1st compartment
Floor formed by 2nd compartment

44
Q

Supply of flexor Carpi radialis

A

Median nerve

45
Q

Supply of extensor Carpi ulnaris

A

Posterior interosseous branch of radial nerve

46
Q

Zones of extensor side of hand

A

9
Odd zones are joints starting from distal

47
Q

Zones of flexor side of hand

A

There are flexor tendon pulleys in the fingers that are named A1-A5, and consists of annular ligament pulleys, and cruciate pulleys named C1-C3 i.e. The flexor tendon pulley system. The thumb only has two pulleys that are described as A1 and A2.

5 zones
Starting form distal end
1. From insertion of FDS to tip of finger
2. From FDS insertion to A2 pulley
3. From A2 pulley to the bugging of carpal tunnel
4. Carpal tunnel
5. Proximal to carpal tunnel

48
Q

Causes of capital tunnel syndrome and symptoms and test

A

Myxedema
Rheumatoid arthritis
Acromegaly
Multiple myeloma
Nephrotoxic syndrome
Amyloidosis
DM
Gout
Pseudogout
Alcoholism
Wrist fracture
Females over forty are more prone
Pregnancy may predispose

Symptom
Loss of grip control
Due to loss of function of opponens pollicis

Test
Phalen test
Tinel test

Dr Bishoy Voice Shots (10 decks)

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