Lower Limb Flashcards
Other names of adductor canal
Hunters canal
Subsartorial canal
Location of adductor canal
Medial of Middle thigh
Termination of adductor canal
At adductor hiatus
Surrounding walls the adductor canal
Laterally vastus medialis
Posteriorly adductor longus and magnus
Roof by sartorius
Contents of adductor canal
Superficial femoral artery
Superficial femoral vein
Saphenous nerve
Short saphenous vein accompanied by which nerve and their relation with malleolus
Sural nerve
They pass posterior to lateral malleolus
Association of long saphenous vein with which nerve and their relation with malleolus
Great SAPHENOUS nerve
They are anterior to medial malleolus
Association of adductor canal compression syndrome with which pathology
Acute limb ischemia
Cause of auctor canal compression syndrome
Pressure on femoral artery bu musculocutaneous band of adductor Magnus at its termination
Main DD of adductor canal compression syndrome and how to differ
Popliteal fossa entrapment
To differentiate:
See if popleteal pulse is present in full extension of knee
Present in adductor compression
Absent in popleteal entrapment
Which muscle divides the greater sciatic foramen
Piriformis
Origin - sacrum
Insertion - posteromedial side of greater trochanter
Action:rotate the hip Externally and turn the leg and foot outward.
Nerve passing below Piriformis muscle
Sciatic nerve
Boundaries of femoral triangle
Medially adductor Longus
Laterally sartorius
Superiorly inguinal ligament
Muscle at risk of injury during sudden sprint without prior warmup
And most common site of avulsion
Biceps femoris
Origin of long head from ischial tuberosity
Innervation of biceps femoris
Short head by Common Peroneal component of sciatic nerve
Long head by tibial nerve
Root of common PERONEAL nerve
L4-S2
Cuteneous supply of common PERONEAL nerve
Anterolateral aspect of lower limb and dorsum of foot
Cutaneous supply of deep peroneal nerve
Dorsum of first web space
Muscle compartments supplied by Common Peroneal nerve
Anterior and lateral compartment of leg
Joints supplied by Common Peroneal nerve
Knee, ankle,foot
Common Peroneal nerve is covered by which muscle
Biceps femoris and it’s tendon
Branches of common Peroneal nerve
Short head of biceps femoris
Articular
Lateral cuteneous nerve of calf
Superficial peroneal
Deep peroneal
Muscle related to origin of dero peroneal nerve
Upper part of peroneus Longus
Then Passing deep to extensor digitorum Longus
Then anterior to ANTERIOR interosseous membrane
Nerve lying anterior to both malleoli
Deep peroneal nerve
Thus supplies dorsum of first web space by terminal medial branch
Location of peroneus Tertius
Anterior compartment of keg
Injury to deep peroneal nerve results in
Foot drop
Supply of lateral branch of deep peroneal nerve
EHB
EDB
Muscles of lateral compartment of leg with nerve supply
Peroneus Longus and brevis
Supplied by superficial peroneal nerve
Nerve supply of anterior compartment of thigh
Femoral
Nerve supply of Medial compartment of thigh
Obturator
Nerve to posterior compartment of thigh
Sciatic
Blood supply of anterior t
Compartment of thigh
Femoral artery
Nerve supply of Medial compartment of thigh
Obturator artery
Profunda femoral artery
Blood supply of posterior compartment of thigh
Branches from profunda femoral artery
Muscles of anterior compartment of thigh
Sartorius
Tensor fascia lata
Quadriceps femoris
Iliacus
Muscles of medial compartment of thigh
Adductor Longus, Magnus, minimus, brevis
Gracilis
Obturator externus
Location of biceps
Lateral
Both in upper arm and thigh
Nerve to posterior compartment of leg
TIBIAL
Blood supply of anterior and lateral compartment of leg
Anterior tibial artery
Blood supply of posterior compartment of leg
Posterior tibial artery
Use of Lloyd Davis position and other names
Its importance
Pelvic and rectal surgery
Trendelenburg with legs apart /
Head down lithotomy
with hips flexed 15° and head down 30°
Importance: in this position COMMON peroneal nerve may be injured
Type of hernia surgery in children
Herniotomy
What may cause weakness in anterior thigh after nerve block for inguinal hernia surgery
Injury to femoral nerve
during nerve block
supplied area of Femoral nerve and root and damage may cause
The femoral nerve supplies the quadriceps femoris, sartorius, pectineus, and iliacus muscles. These muscles help you bend and straighten your hips and legs.
Treatment
Mnemonic
Symptoms
Anatomy
Function
Pain
Mri
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The femoral nerve supplies the following areas of the body:
Anterior thigh muscles
The femoral nerve supplies the quadriceps femoris, sartorius, pectineus, and iliacus muscles. These muscles help you bend and straighten your hips and legs.
Skin of the anterior thigh
The femoral nerve supplies the skin of the anterior thigh from the inguinal ligament to the knee.
Skin of the medial leg, ankle, and foot
The saphenous nerve, a terminal branch of the femoral nerve, supplies the skin of the medial surface of the leg, ankle, and foot.
Hip and knee joints
The femoral nerve supplies sensory articular innervation to the hip and knee joints.
The femoral nerve receives nerve supply from the nerve roots L2-L4.
Damage to the femoral nerve can cause pain, weakness, or numbness. This can be due to trauma, surgery, constriction, a pinched nerve, or a herniated disk.
What does the saphenous nerve supply?
What does the saphenous nerve supply?
The saphenous nerve is a cutaneous branch of the femoral nerve in the lower limb. It supplies innervation to the skin of the medial knee, leg, and foot.
Common nerve at risk of injury during inguinal hernia repair
Ilioinguinal nerve
Nerve at risk of injury in posterior approach to hip and common manifestation
Sciatic
Foot drop
Origin and function of sural nerve
Origin
The sural nerve is formed by the tibial and common peroneal nerves that join together in the distal third of the leg.
Pain symptoms
Anatomy
Injury
Function
Landmarks
Other name
Root value
Ultrasound
Foot
Entrapment treatment
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The sural nerve is a sensory nerve in the lower leg and foot that allows you to feel sensations like touch, temperature, and pain:
Location
The sural nerve is located in the back of the calf, just beneath the skin.
Function
The sural nerve provides sensation to the outer part of the foot, heel, ankle, and the back of the leg below the knee.
Deep posterior compartment of leg muscles
tibialis posterior
Flexor hallucis longus
Flexor digitorum Longus
Popletius
Compartment of plantaris muscle
Posterior superficial of leg
