orthopaedic oncology Flashcards
name some bone forming tumours
- osteoma
- osteoid osteoma
- osteoblastoma
- osteosarcoma
name some cartilage forming tumours
- chondroma
- osteochondroma
- chondrosarcoma
name other bone tumours
- ewings sarcoma
- giant cell tumour
most common primary sarcoma
osteosarcoma
which cancers spread to bone
- breast
- lung
- prostate
- kidney
- thyroid
what are some predisposing conditions for bone cancer
- Paget’s disease
- fibrous dysplasia
- multiple enchondromas
presentation of primary bone tumours
- persistent increasing pain
- worse pain at night
- swelling and erythema over joint
- palpable mass
- pathological fracture
how to diagnose primary bone cancer
- plain radiographs
- CT
- MRI
- bone scan
treatment for primary bone cancer
- chemo/radiotherapy/hormone as neoadjuvant therapy
- surgery - reconstruction/amputation
- adjuvant - chemo/radiotherapy
features of osteosarcoma
- affects children/young adults, 2nd peak in elderly
- usually around distal femur/proximal tibia
- treatment is chemo and limb salvage
features of Ewings sarcoma
-5-25yrs
-diaphysis of long bone, distal femur/prox tibia
-
features of chondrosarcoma
-malignancy of chondrocytes
-arise de novo
-older patients
-common in pelvix, proximal and distal femur
-
what is osteoid osteoma
- painful, benign tumour of long bones
- central nodule of woven bone with osteoblastic rim
symptoms of osteoid osteoma
-pain worse at night releived by aspirin
what is the commonest benign bone tumour
osteochondroma
