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Ortho > OrthoExam1Material > Flashcards

OrthoExam1Material Flashcards

1
Q

Headgear is focused on _______ growth of the maxilla and therefore attempts to correct a class __ situation

A

INHIBITING…Class II

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2
Q

A protection facemask is focused on ______ growth of the maxilla and therefore attempts to correct a class __ situation

A

ENCOURAGING…Class III

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3
Q

What are the two instruments aimed at increasing transverse dimension (for crossbites/narrow palates)?

A

1.Quad helix 2.Rapid Palatal Expander

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4
Q

Typically in the mandible we try to _______ growth and it is usually a class __ situation when we use functional appliances.

A

encourage growth…class II

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5
Q

What are 4 examples of functional appliances aimed at encouraging growth of the mandible in class II situations?

A

1.Frankl 2.herbst 3.Bionator 4.twin block

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6
Q

Treating a patient to get them to “ideal” class I usually requires a fixed or removable appliance?

A

fixed

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7
Q

EXAM QUESTION!!! What amount of spacing (in mm) is generally the standard for going with extractions to fix crowding??

A

MORE than 10mm

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8
Q

EXAM QUESTION!!! What amount of spacing (in mm) is generally the standard for going with interproximal reduction to fix crowding??

A

LESS than 5mm

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9
Q

What are three ways we can create space without extracting??

A

1.distalize molars 2.procline incisors 3.expand the palate

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10
Q

Premolars are the most often tooth chosen for extraction to make room, what other tooth is sometimes the choice?

A

incisors

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11
Q

Which movement of the incisors can give more room in the arch? How does it accomplish this task?

A

Proclining the incisors increases the radius of the arch, thus increasing arch length

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12
Q

What are the two examples of palatal expanders given? How do they work?

A

Quad Helix and Hyrax..they increase the radius of the arch thus increasing the arch length

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13
Q

MAJOR indicators for ortho extractions: facial type

A

DOL-i-Co-Facial (long face-DOL-berg)

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14
Q

MAJOR indicators for ortho extractions: incisor angulation

A

proclined

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15
Q

MAJOR indicators for ortho extractions: crowding

A

severe (greater than or equal to 10mm)

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16
Q

MAJOR indicators for ortho extractions: profile

A

protruded/convex

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17
Q

MINOR indicators for ortho extractions: curve of spee

A

moderate to severe

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18
Q

MINOR indicators for ortho extractions: molar relationship

A

class II or class III

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19
Q

What is the typical tx to camouflage?

A

Ext upper OR lower PMs (not both)

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20
Q

Which facial profile outline is considered “normal”?

A

slightly convex

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21
Q

What are three landmarks used to determine a facial profile (soft tissue)?

A

1.Glabella 2.Subnason 3.Po-gon-ion

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22
Q

What is the “normal” range for the nasolabial angle?

A

90-95 degrees (above is obtuse, below acute)

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23
Q

What is considered a “normal” labiomental angle?

A

110 degrees (more obtuse, less acute)

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24
Q

What is it called when the lips do not close at rest? What is it called when the lips are strained to close over the teeth?

A

lip incompetence, mentalis strain

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25
Q

The 4 main landmarks: Where is the A point?

A

most CONCAVE portion of the premaxilla

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26
Q

The 4 main landmarks: Where is the B point?

A

most CONCAVE portion of the mental symphasis

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27
Q

The 4 main landmarks: Besides the A and B points, what are the other two landmarks used?

A

the sella turcica and the nason

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28
Q

What is the normal angle for the SNA? What are the classifications above and below that angle?

A

82degrees…above-class II max protrusion…below-class III max retrusion

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29
Q

What is the normal angle for the SNB? What are the classifications above and below that angle?

A

80degrees…above class III mand protrusion..below mand retrusion

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30
Q

***TEST Q: What is a BOLTON descrepency?

A

when the WIDTH of the teeth cause a problem with the relation of the upper and lower teeth (peg laterals or missing laterals)

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31
Q

In a DENTAL class I occlusion: ______ of maxillary 1st molar occludes with ______ of mandibular 1st molar

A

MB cusp…..B groove

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32
Q

IN a DENTAL class I occlusion: the cusp of the maxillary canine occludes in WHICH embrasure???

A

mand canine-1st PM embrasure (DISTAL to mand canine)

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33
Q

Dental Class II occlusion-MB cusp of maxillary 1st molar

occludes ______ to the B groove of mandibular 1st molar

A

MESIAL

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34
Q

Dental Class II occlusion-Cusp of maxillary canine

occludes ______ to the mandibular canine-1st premolar embrasure

A

MESIAL

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35
Q 
Dental class III occlusion-MB cusp of maxillary 1st molar
occludes \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ to the B groove of mandibular 1st molar
A

DISTAL

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36
Q 
Dental class III occlusion- Cusp of maxillary canine
occludes \_\_\_\_\_\_ to the mandibular canine-1st premolar embrasure
A

DISTAL

37
Q

Finally someone teaches us this!!! Class II Occlusion-Incisor Divisions!!! Describe class II division I…

A

when the incisors are PROCLINED like this: \

38
Q

Finally someone teaches us this!!! Class II Occlusion-Incisor Divisions!!! Describe class II division II…

A

when the incisors are RECLINED like this: / (Tiffany)

39
Q

A positive overjet occurs in which two occlusal classifications?

A

Class I and II

40
Q

A negative overjet occurs in which occlusal classification?

A

Class III

41
Q

What is a “Brodie Bite”?

A

Complete Posterior Crossbite

42
Q

What % overbite is considered ‘normal’? What % is edge to edge or open? What percent is considered DEEP?

A

10%-normal…0% edge to edge or open (less than 0%)…DEEP-40%plus

43
Q

What is a BOLTON discrepancy NOT considered??

A

it is NOT an arch length discrepancy….(it is only a tooth width discrepancy)

44
Q

What is the most common supernumerary tooth?

A

mesiodens

45
Q

Missing teeth: Most COMMON missing teeth are usually the most _____ of the set..what are the three examples?

A

DISTAL…lateral incisors, 2nd PMs, 3rd molars

46
Q

Which Ceph is most used in ortho?

A

lateral ceph (saggital and vertical planes

47
Q

Which ceph shows the SAGITTAL plane?

A

Lateral

48
Q

Which ceph shows the VERTICAL plane?

A

PA ceph

49
Q

Which ceph shows the TRANSVERSE plane?

A

PA ceph

50
Q

What is occuring in a HYPOdivergent situation? (2)

A
  1. Pt is Brachyfacial and the 2.SN-GoGn angle is SMALL
51
Q

What is occuring in a normodivergent situation? (1)

A

pt is MESOfacial (SN-GoGn is a ‘normal’ angle)

52
Q

What is the standard SN-GoGn angle to determine skeletal facial patterns? Which pattern occurs GREATER than this angle?

A

32degrees (that COLD)…GoGn-SN GREATER THAN 32deg = DOLICHOfacial ((HYPERdivergent…Dr. DOLBERG is a hyper guy))

53
Q

Which skeletal facial pattern occurs with hypodivergent GoGn-SN angles?

A

brachyfacial, less than 32deg(FREEZING!!)

54
Q

Landmarks What’s at the center of the pituitary fossa?

A

Sella Turcica

55
Q

Landmarks What is the lowest point on the lower margin of the orbit?

A

Orbitale

56
Q

Landmarks What is the jxn of the nasal and frontal bones?

A

Nasion

57
Q

Landmarks What is the anterior margin of the foramen magnum?

A

Basion

58
Q

Landmarks What is the superior point of the external auditory meatus?

A

POR-ion (pour the sound in your ears)

59
Q

Landmarks What is the opaque circle created by the metal insert in ceph ear rods?

A

machine/mechanical porion

60
Q

Landmarks What is the tip of the anterior nasal spine of the maxilla? Important

A

Anterior nasal spine (ANS)

61
Q

Landmarks What is the tip of the posterior spine of the palatine bone?

A

PNS-posterior nasal spine

62
Q

Landmarks PLEASE dont get this wrong…A-Point: Most ______ portion of premaxilla

A

CONCAVE

63
Q

LandmarksPLEASE dont get this wrong…B-Point: Most ______ portion of symphysis

A

CONCAVE

64
Q

Landmarks What is the most anterior portion of symphysis?

A

POG-on-ion (Pog)

65
Q

Landmarks What is the point midway between Pogonion and Menton?

A

Gnathion (Gn)

66
Q

Landmarks What is the lowermost portion of mand. symphysis?

A

MENTON (M)

67
Q

Landmarks What is the most inferior posterior portion of the angle of the mandible?

A

Gonion (Go)

68
Q

Landmarks What is the most anterior upper central incisor?

A

U1

69
Q

Landmarks What is the most anterior lower central incisor?

A

L1

70
Q

Landmarks What is the upper permanent first molar?

A

U6

71
Q

Landmarks What is the lower permanent first molar?

A

L6

72
Q

What are the two landmarks that make up the FRANKFORT Horizontal Plane?

A

Porion to the Orbital (want to have parallel to floor in Ceph)

73
Q

What two landmarks determine the mandibular plane?

A

Gonion to Gnathion

74
Q

**The occlusal plane bisects which 2 landmarks?

A

the 1st molars and the overbite of the incisors

75
Q

Know these #s…the Esthetic plane (E-plane) What are the two soft tissue landmarks?

A

Tip of nose to tip of soft tissue chin

76
Q

Know these #s…the Esthetic plane (E-plane) The upper lip should fall ___ mm behind the E-line

A

4mm

77
Q

Know these #s…the Esthetic plane (E-plane) The lower lip should fall __ mm behind

A

2mm

78
Q

Which landmark is considered our NORTH STAR because it does not morph much during growth and development???

A

Anterior Cranial Base

79
Q

Saggital position of the upper jaw…How far forward or backward is the maxilla positioned relative to the ________

A

anterior cranial base (NORTH STAR)

80
Q

The SNA Evaluates A-P position of the maxilla relative to the _______

A

cranial base (SN)

81
Q

Which measurement is the difference between

SNA and SNB indicates the amount of skeletal jaw discrepancy?

A

ANB

82
Q

What is the standard angle of the ANB? What are the angles for Class II and III?

A

standard is 2degrees…less than 2deg-class III, greater than 2 deg-class II

83
Q

What is the standard angle for the occlusal plane to SN? What are the angles for Class II and III?

A

14deg…greater than 14-dolichofacial…less than 14-brachyfacial

84
Q

Relationship of the Upper Incisor to the NA Line: U1-NA (mm)..what is the standard distance? What are the terms for above and below this distance

A

4mm-normal…greater than protrusive…less than retrusive

85
Q

Relationship of the Upper Incisor to the NA Line: what is the standard ANGLE? What are the terms for above and below this angle?

A

22degrees…greater than 22-proclined…less than-retroclined

86
Q

Relationship of the Lower Incisor to the NB line: What is the NORMAL distance? What are the terms to describe distances above and below this?

A

4mm. more than 4mm=protrusive mand….less than 4mm=retrusive mand

87
Q

Relationship of the lower incisor to the NB line: what is the NORMAL angle? What are the terms for above and below this angle?

A

25 deg….greater than 25 is proclined…less than 25 is retroclined

88
Q

What is the NORMAL interincisal angle? What are the terms for above and below that angle?

A

131degrees…greater than-UPRIGHT incisors…less than PROCLINED incisors

Ortho (9 decks)

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