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Ortho > Exam II Material Dr. Pruzansky MioMech and Materials > Flashcards

Exam II Material Dr. Pruzansky MioMech and Materials Flashcards

1
Q

***What is internal distribution of the load. defined as force/area?

A

Stress

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2
Q

***Stress is defined as _____ / _____?

A

force / area

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3
Q

What is internal distortion produced by the load. defined by deflection / length?

A

Strain

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4
Q

Strain is defined as _______ / ______?

A

deflection / length

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5
Q

**______ behavior is defined as stress-strain response to an external load

A

elastic

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6
Q

What are the 3 major properties of the force-deflection curve?

A

strength, stiffness, and range

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7
Q

**FORCE-DEFLECITON CURVE- WHAT IS the elastic limit permanent deformation first observed.

A

Proportional limit

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8
Q

FORCE-DEFLECITON CURVE- Yield _____ / yield _____ = point on the stress / strain diagram at which a deformation of 0.1% is measured

A

yield point / yield strength

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9
Q

FORCE-DEFLECITON CURVE- point at which the wire breaks

A

failure point

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10
Q

STRESS-STRAIN curve: maximum load the wire can sustain

A

Ultimate tensile strength

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11
Q

Ideal Ortho wire: ______ strength

A

high

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12
Q

Ideal Ortho wire: _____ stiffness

A

low

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13
Q

Ideal Ortho wire: _____ range

A

high

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14
Q

Ideal Ortho wire: ______ formability

A

high

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15
Q

Ideal Ortho wire: can ____ or _____ to it

A

weld or solder

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16
Q

Ortho wire: In the US it is specified in _______ of an inch

A

thousandths

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17
Q

Ortho wire: How many numbers are reported for a round wire? How many for a rectange?

A

1 round..2 rectangle

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18
Q

What are the two bracket sizes?

A

.018” (0.25x0.18”) or .022” (0.28x0.22”)

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19
Q

Round wires can cause _______ but cannot control/ cause _____

A

all kinds of movements…torque

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20
Q

Which type of wire CAN control torque?

A

rectangular

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21
Q

What are the 3 stages of othodontic treatment?

A

1.level and align 2.molar relationship and space closure 3.finishing

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22
Q

First stage of ortho- level and align…Brackets are placed in prescribed location on each tooth, brackets do not ______

A

line up

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23
Q

First stage of ortho- level and align…Very light ______ wires are placed into each bracket

A

flexible

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24
Q

Second stage of ortho-correct molar relationship, space closure: Brackets are fully ______

A

aligned

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25
Q

Second stage of ortho-correct molar relationship, space closure: _______ archwires can be used

A

heavier

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26
Q

Second stage of ortho-correct molar relationship, space closure: Guide molar relationship via Differential ______ of jaws, Differential movement of ______

A

growth…U/L teeth

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27
Q

third stage of ortho tx: finishing…_____ paralleling… _____ torque

A

root…incisor

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28
Q

third stage of ortho tx: finishing…Correction of _____/_____ and the _____

A

overjet/overbite….midline

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29
Q

third stage of ortho tx: finishing…Final settling of posterior ______

A

occlusion

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30
Q

Which stage of ortho tx do you correct overjet/overbite?

A

third (finishing)

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31
Q

Ni-Ti: Has shape ______ effect and super_______

A

memory…superelastcity

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32
Q

Ni-Ti: _____ range, ____ stiffness

A

large…low

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33
Q

Ni-Ti: Not formable at ______ temperatures (no bends)

A

normal

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34
Q

Ni-Ti: Good where low _____ is needed

A

force

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35
Q

Ni-Ti: _____ friction…Good for leveling and _____ (early phase of treatment)

A

high…aligning

36
Q

Shape memory effect: soft, low temperature phase, better formability is which crystalline structure phase?

A

MARTENsite

37
Q

Shape memory effect: harder, high temperature phase, super- elasticity is which crystalline structure phase?

A

AUSTENite

38
Q

What is the other name for Beta-Titanium (nope, its not Be-Ti)?

A

TMA-Titanium Molybdenum Alloy

39
Q

Which material has lower forces than SS, more gentle, low stiffness?

A

Beta-Titanium

40
Q

Which material has the MOST FRICTION of all wires?? (Not good for sliding mechanics)

A

Beta-Titanium

41
Q

Beta-Titanium: Good choice for auxiliary _____ and intermediate _____ stages

A

springs..finishing

42
Q

Beta-Titanium has _______ resistance due to titanium oxide

A

CORROSION

43
Q

Beta-Titanium is an intermediate between _____ and ____…it contains NONE of this metal…

A

SS and Ni-Ti…no nickel present

44
Q

What is the composition of chromium and nickel in stainless steel?

A

18% chromium and 8% nickel

45
Q

Steel is SOFTENED by _______ and HARDENED by _______

A

softened-annealing…hardened-cold working

46
Q

Stainless Steel has corrosion resistance because of which metal?

A

chromium

47
Q

Stainless steel has LOW _______ = best for sliding mechanics

A

friction

48
Q

which wire is BEST for sliding mechanics because of its LOW friction?

A

stainless steel

49
Q

Which wire has High strength, high stiffness and is Good for closing spaces or tip/torque control?

A

Stainless Steel

50
Q

Which of newtons laws is the law of inertia?

A

1st

51
Q

Which newtons law?: FOR EVERY ACTION, THERE IS AN EQUAL AND OPPOSITE REACTION

A

3rd

52
Q

Which newtons law is most commonly applied in ortho?

A

3rd (FOR EVERY ACTION, THERE IS AN EQUAL AND OPPOSITE REACTION)

53
Q

Which newtons law?: RATE OF CHANGE OF MOMENTUM OF A BODY IS DIRECTLY PROPORTIONAL TO THE FORCE AND TAKES PLACE IN THE DIRECTION IN WHICH THE FORCE ACT
(F=MA)

A

2nd

54
Q

Which newtons law?: A BODY AT REST REMAINS AT REST. A BODY IN MOTION TENDS TO REMAIN IN THAT STATE OF MOTION UNLESS AN EXTERNAL FORCE IS APPLIED TO IT

A

1st

55
Q

what is an influence that may cause an object to change its velocity

A

a force

56
Q

What is magnitude and direction of a force? they can be added

A

vector

57
Q

The point around which a free body is perfectly balanced

A

center of mass

58
Q

If an object is a free body, the center of _______ is the same as the center of mass

A

resistance

59
Q

In orthodontics, the center of ________ of a tooth is the point where a force application results in translational movement

A

resistance

60
Q

Center of resistance is constant and is located about ____ of the root length from the _____ in single-rooted teeth, and just apical to the ________ in multi- rooted teeth

A

1/3 from the CEJ…furcation

61
Q

Center of Rotation: The point around which the tooth _____…Center of rotation is constant or not constant?

A

rotates…NOT constant

62
Q

What is the center of rotation determined by?

A

type of movement occuring

63
Q

Rotation occurs when a force is applied away from the __________

A

center of resistance

64
Q

What are the 4 types of tooth movements?

A
  1. uncontrolled tipping 2.controlled tipping 3.translation 4.root torque
65
Q

in _______ tipping: Net force results in center of rotation NEAR center of resistance

A

UNCONTROLLED

66
Q

________ tipping is caused by a single point of force

A

uncontrolled

67
Q

**Which type of tooth movement does Invisalign or spring retainers utilize?

A

uncontrolled tipping

68
Q

_______ tipping net force results in center of rotation near the apex

A

controlled

69
Q

_______ tipping caused by multiple forces working at different location on the tooth

A

controlled

70
Q

***Controlled tipping only can be accomplished by WHICH orthodontic appliances?

A

BRACKETS

71
Q

_______: Net force results in center of rotation that is infinitely far from center of resistance

A

Translation (i dont get this concept)

72
Q

_______: All points on a rigid body move the same amount in the same direction

A

Translation

73
Q

______: Net force results in center of rotation at the incisal tip of the tooth

A

Root torque

74
Q

______: Root and crown move in the same direction

A

root torque

75
Q

Root torque: _____ moves a greater distance than the _____

A

root…crown

76
Q

_______: The tendency for a tooth to rotate around the center of resistance

A

moment

77
Q

______: Two equal but opposite non-coplanar forces acting on an object

A

couple

78
Q

What is the ONLY FORCE SYSTEM that can produce PURE rotation??

A

Couple

79
Q

Variation in bracket slot location and orientation is known as _______

A

prescription

80
Q

What 3 things make straightening teeth more complicated than prescription?

A

1.slop 2.wire rigidity 3.biomechanics

81
Q

_______: The closer the wire is to the SLOT DIMENSION the less of this there is and therefore more of the prescription is expressed.

A

SLOP

82
Q

Take home message of biomechanics: Because the _________ is in the BONE, when we push on teeth with brackets it is hard to get pure _______.

A

CENTER OF RESISTANCE….translation

83
Q

Take home message of biomechanics: ________ are needed to move a tooth in the manner we want

A

Multiple forces

84
Q

An active finger spring of a removable appliance usually touches the tooth with a point contact. What is the most likely type of tooth movement produced in this situation?

A

Tipping

85
Q

Orthodontic forces can be treated mathematically as vectors. T/F?

A

T

86
Q

Forces produce either translation, rotation, or a combination of translation and rotation, depending upon the relationship of the line of action of the force to the center of resistance of the tooth. T/F?

A

T

Ortho (9 decks)

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