ortho- spine Flashcards
ankylosing spondylitis- seropos or seroneg?
sero neg!
most seroneg diseases are HLA-B27 +ve
presentation of ankylosing spondylitis?
- early morning stiffness that improves with exercise
- reduced lateral flexion
- reduced forward flexion (Schober’s test +ve)
A disease: Axial Arthritis Anterior Uveitis Aortic regurgitation Apical fibrosis Amyloidosis/Iga nephropathy Achilles tendinitis PlAntAr fascilitis
Xray findings for ankylosing spondylitis?
- sacroilitis
- squaring of lumbar vertebrae
- ‘bamboo spine’ (usually a much later onset)
CXR- may show apical fibrosis
treatment for ankylosing spondylitis?
1st= NSAIDs + physio
maintain regular exercise
extensive disease= anti TNF therapy
what is an incomplete spinal injury?
-partial loss of motor or sensory innervation
the greater the function preserved the faster the recovery!
what does damage to the corticospinal tract affect?
motor function (corticol, cars, motor)
what does incomplete spinal injury to the lateral spinothalmic tract affect?
sensation + temperature
Spinal= sensation Temperature= tract
what does injury to the dorsal column of the spine affect?
-vibration, proprioception + light touch
what is the most common incomplete spinal cord injury?
Central cord syndrome
what causes central cord syndrome?
-hyperextension of cervical spine with osteoarthritis
cervical= central cord
how does central cord syndrome present?
-paralysis of arms
how does anterior cord syndrome present?
-Loss of motor function, sensation and temperature below the nipple
there is loss of the corticospinal tract and spinothalmic tract below the nipple
Preserved dorsal column
how does posterior cord syndrome present?
- loss of dorsal column function (vibration, proprioception + light touch)
- rare
what is Brown- sequard syndrome?
-hemisection of spinal cord due to penetrating injury
how does Brown sequard syndrome present?
- ipsilateral paralysis
- ipsilateral loss of dorsal column
