Ortho Flashcards
Hawkins sign examines which tendon?
Supraspinatus
The Supraspinatus tendon can be tested by which exams?
Hawkins, Neers sign
Neers sign examines which tendon?
Supraspinatus
supraspinatus (empty can) tests examines which MUSCLE
Supraspinatus
Lift off tests examines which MUSCLE?
Supraspinatus
The Supraspinatus MUSCLE can be tested by which exams?
Supraspinatus (empty can), lift off
The Hawkins sign, Neers sign, Supraspinatus (emptty can) and lift off all test which kind of impingement
rotator cuff impingement
Spurlings sign
Downward pressure on the head
Subluxation
Incomplete or partial dislocation of a joint or organ
Ways to test for carpel tunnel
tinel test /phalens maneuver
tinel test /phalens maneuver test for what?
carpel tunnel
Digital flexor tenosynovitis (what is it and what tendon does it thicken)
trigger finger, thickening of flexor tendon
DeQuervain Tenosynovitis is the over use of what?
dorsal radial in wrist
Finkelstein test is for which problem?
DeQuervain Tenosynovitis
How do you test for DeQuervain Tenosynovitis
Finkelstein test
Olecranon Bursitis
painless mass at elbow
painless mass at elbow
Olecranon Bursitis
How do you test for Patellofemoral pain syndrome?
clark sign
Patellofemoral pain syndrome
pain with medial or lateral displacement of patella
How do you test for Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)
Lachman test, pivot/shift test, anterior drawer test
Lachman test, pivot/shift test, anterior drawer test are for which problem?
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)
If there is laxity with the MCL (part of knee) what should you do?
get imagining
How to test for medial meniscus?
McMurray and/or Apley test
Anserine Bursitis (what is it and when is it worse and with who?)
inflammation of outter knee, worse when climbing stairs, found with women
When aspirating a Prepatellar Bursitis, what tests should you do on it?
Gram stain, cell count, culture and sensitivity
Deltoid ligament injury is also called?
medial ankle sprain
How to test for a medial ankle sprain?
Eversion Talar tilt test
Eversion Talar tilt test examines what?
medial ankle sprain
most common cause of foot neuralgia
morton neuroma
Claw, Hammer and Mallet toes effect which joint?
Interphalangeal joint
Hallux Valgus
effects great toe, r/o gout
Plantar fasciitis pain will occur when and where
at heel with first steps in am, radiates to soul and arch
positive squeeze test is for which problem
Achilles tendinopathy
If a patient has achilles tendinopathy, what will happen to their plantar flexion?
it will be decreased
Disc buldge means what?
herniation
If when you palpate the spine, there is vertebral tenderness, what is that sensitive for?
an infection
when do you have the patient do straight leg raises?
sciatica or spinal stenosis
if a patient can elevate their leg 60 degrees when doing straight leg raises, what is that significant of
compression or irritation of nerve roots
Ankle xray is needed under which conditions?
bone tenderness at posterior edge of lateral or medial malleolus OR patient unable to bear weight immediately and in ED
Foot xray is needed under which conditions?
Bone tenderness at base of 5th metatarsal OR tenderness at navicular bone OR inability to bear weight immediately and in ED
If patient has a positive drop arm sign, painful arc of motion, weakness with external rotation…what may be the problem?
complete rotator cuff tear
If patient has a positive Hawkins test,painful arc of motion, weakness with external rotation…what may be the problem?
shoulder impingement
Sulcus sign is a sign of what?
instability
Pes planovalgus (flat feet) is associated with which problem
patellofemoral pain syndrome
Test for valgus laxity
Grade 1=increased medial joint widening by how many mm?
1-4
Test for valgus laxity
Grade 2=increased medial joint widening by how many mm?
5-9
Test for valgus laxity
Grade 3=increased medial joint widening by how many mm?
> 10mm
Injury to these liagments is called:
Anterior talofibular ligament = ATFL
Calcaneofibular ligament = CFL
Posterior talofibular ligament = PTFL
Lateral ankle sprain
Injury to theseligaments is called
Posterior tibiotalar
Tibionavicular
Tibiocalcaneal
medical ankle sprain
a high ankle sprain is most often injury to what?
Anterior tibiofibular (ATFL)
most common cause of foot pain
plantar fasciitis
Ankle and great toe dorsiflexion are effected by?
L5
plantar flexion, ankle reflex are effected by
S1
numbness on medial foot and web spaces bewteen 1 and 2 toes is effected by
L5
lateral foot/ankle is effected by
S1
how to test L5
heel walking
how to test S1
toe walking
how to test L4
squat and rise
when should you obtain imaging on a patient with back pain?
if there is no improvement in 6 weeks (or if there is suspicion of cauda equine syndrome, malignancy, fracture, or infection)
