Diabetes

Question 1

Primary, secondary and tertiary prevention categories for diabetes

Answer 1

(P) Prediabetes, (S)Type 2, (T) complications & disability

Question 2

criteria for diagnosing diabetes

Answer 2

FPG >126 OR
2-h plasma glucose >200 during oral glucose tolerance test OR
A1C>6.5% OR
diabetic symptoms + random plasma glucose >200

Question 3

FPG needs to be what in order to diagnose diabetes?

Answer 3

> 126

Question 4

2-h plasma glucose needs to be what during oral glucose tolerance test of 75g to diagnose diabetes?

Answer 4

> 200

Question 5

when do you screen for diabetes?

Answer 5

BMI >25 with one other factor:
1st degree relative with diabetes
High-risk race
Hx CVD
HTN
HDL cholesterol <35
Triglycerides >250
PCOS
physical inactivity 
A1C 5.7%
gestational diabetes
>45 yr

Question 6

Microvascular disease effects?

Answer 6

eyes, kidneys, nerves

Question 7

Macrovascular disease effects?

Answer 7

ischaemic heart disease, Strokes, peripheral vascular disease

Question 8

smoking, dyslipidaemia, coagulopathy all effect micro or macrovascular disease?

Answer 8

macrovascular

Question 9

ADA Diabetic Risk test takes what into consideration?

Answer 9

Age, sex, gestational diabetes, family Hx, HTN, physical inactivity, weight

Question 10

A1C prediabetic

Answer 10

5.7-6.4%

Question 11

2-h plasma glucose needs to be what during oral glucose tolerance test of 75g to diagnose prediabetes?

Answer 11

140-199

Question 12

FPG needs to be what to diagnose prediabetes?

Answer 12

100-125

Question 13

what medication is used to prevent type 2 diabetes?

Answer 13

metformin

Question 14

long term use of metformin can cause what kind of deficiency

Answer 14

B12

Question 15

how often should patients with mental illness be screened for diabetes?

Answer 15

annually

Question 16

4 critical times to evaluate for DSME

Answer 16

at initial diagnosis
annually
when new complications arise
when transitions in care occur

Question 17

diabetics should limit sodium to how many mg a day?

Answer 17

2300mg/day

Question 18

why is drinking alcohol bad for diabetics?

Answer 18

it can cause hypoglycemia

Question 19

how often should we be testing A1C in patients who are meeting treatment goals?

Answer 19

at least 2 times a year

Question 20

A1C goal for nonpregnant adults with diabetes

Answer 20

<7%

Question 21

plasma glucose goal for diabetics

Answer 21

80-130

Question 22

peak postprandial capillary plasma glucose goal for diabetics

Answer 22

<180

Question 23

preferred treatment for the conscious individual with BS <70?

Answer 23

glucose 15-20g or any carb

Question 24

level 1 hypoglycemia

Answer 24

<70

Question 25

level 2 hypoglycemia

Answer 25

<54

Question 26

what should be given if patient is at increased risk for level 2 hypoglycemia (<54)

Answer 26

glucagon

Question 27

Early introduction to insulin as form of treatment for diabetic occurs when??

Answer 27

ongoing catabolism (weight loss), or symptoms of hyperglycemia are present, or BS levels are >300, or Al1 >10%

Question 28

when do you add dual therapy for newly diagnosed diabetes?

Answer 28

A1C >1.5 above their target

Question 29

what kinds of patients do you do a urinary microalbumin on?

Answer 29

all type 2, type 1 and HTN