AFIB

Question 1

predictors of Afib

Answer 1

advancing age, men, BMI >30, SBP >160, CHF, CAD, CRF, PR interval >160

Question 2

Risk factors for AF

Answer 2

DM, hyperthyroidism, sleep apnea, alcohol, smokers

Question 3

acute AF lasts?

Answer 3

<48 hours

Question 4

Paroxysmal AF lasts?

Answer 4

<7 days and spontaneously returns to SNR without any interventions

Question 5

Persistent AF lasts?

Answer 5

> 7 days, requires treatment to revert to NSR

Question 6

Long-standing persistent AF lasts?

Answer 6

> 12 months

Question 7

Permanent AF

Answer 7

no further attempts to convert back to NSR,

Question 8

medications recommended for rate control?

Answer 8

Verapamil, Cardizem, BB

Question 9

medications for rhythm control

Answer 9

amiodarone, dronedarone, propafenone, sotalol

Question 10

A lenient resting heart rate for Afib should be what?

Answer 10

<110

Question 11

A strict resting heart rate for Afib should be what?

Answer 11

<80

Question 12

CHADS2 and CHA2DS2-VASc are used for what?

Answer 12

to predict risk for stroke

Question 13

HAS-BLED is used for what?

Answer 13

to predict risk for bleeding

Question 14

CHADS2 vs CHA2DS2-VASc

Answer 14

CHA2DS2-VASc adds female gender, vascular disease, age 65-72

recommended over CHADS2

Question 15

CHADS2 stands for?

Answer 15

Congestive heart failure, hypertension, age>75, diabetes, stroke

Question 16

CHA2DS2-VASc stands for

Answer 16

Congestive heart failure, hypertension, age >75, diabetes, stroke, vascular disease (MI, PAD, aortic atherosclerosis), Age 65-74, Sex

Question 17

what do you give with a CHADS2 score of 0

Answer 17

no anticoagulation

Question 18

what do you give with a CHADS2 score 1

Answer 18

ASA or oral anticoagulants

Question 19

what do you give with a CHADS2 score of 2-6

Answer 19

Benefit>Harm

Question 20

Does the AAFP recommend dual therapy with anticoagulants and antiplatelet therapy in patients with afib?

Answer 20

no

Question 21

what situations may call for dual therapy with anticoagulants and antiplatelet?

Answer 21

immediately after a stent

Question 22

HAS-BLED score range

Answer 22

0-9

Question 23

HAS-BLED examines bleeding risk for which problems?

Answer 23

HTN, Renal dysfunction, Liver disease, Stroke, Bleeding Hx, Labile INR, Elderly, Medications, ETOH

Question 24

HAS-BLED is validated only for which medication?

Answer 24

warfarin

Question 25

INR >3 but < 4.5 interventions

Answer 25

decrease or hold dose then lower dose once INR is within normal limits

Question 26

INR 4.5 to 10 interventions

Answer 26

hold next one or two doses then lower dose once INR is within normal limits-NO VITAMIN K

Question 27

INR >10 interventions

Answer 27

administer vit K (2.5 to 5 mg po per dose)

Question 28

Stroke risk factors

Answer 28

HTN, Diabetes, hyperlipidemia, Obesity, Sleep apnea, Smoking, Alcohol, lack of regular activity

Question 29

virchows triad

Answer 29

3 categories of factors that are thought to contribute to thrombosis (Endothelial damage, Blood flow stasis, hypercoagulation)

Question 30

what does the wells prediction rule help to diagnose?

Answer 30

predictor for diagnosing DVT or PE

Question 31

wells prediction rule takes what into consideration for DVT?

Answer 31

active cancer, paralysis, recently bedridden, localized tenderness, leg swollen, calf swelling, pitting edema, collateral superficial veins (nonvaricose)

Question 32

what kinds of DVTs are more dangerous than distal DVTS that are formed below the popliteal trifurcation in the veins of the calf?

Answer 32

Proximal DVTS that develop above the popliteal trifurcation in the popliteal and femoral veins of the thigh

Question 33

AMUSE score

Answer 33

can help the provider decide if an ultrasound is needed

Question 34

AMUSE score of <3

Answer 34

probs not a DVT, no ultrasound needed

Question 35

AMUSE score of >4

Answer 35

probably a DVT, do ultrasound

Question 36

AMUSE score takes what into consideration?

Answer 36

male sex, malignancy in last 6 months, had surgery within 1 month, absence of leg trauma, hormonal contraceptives, collateral leg vein distention, discrepancy of >3 cm in calf circum, elevated D-dimer

Question 37

what is the treatment recommendation for PE or proximal DVT, what if they also have cancer?

Answer 37

anticoagulant therapy for 3 months, if they have cancer, heparin is needed

Question 38

wells score for PE takes what into consideration?

Answer 38

PE most likely, surgery within last 4 weeks, previous DVT or PE, HR>100, Haemoptysis, active cancer

Question 39

Pradaxa dose

Answer 39

150mg BID

Question 40

Eliquis dosing

Answer 40

5mg BID

Question 41

Xarelto dosing

Answer 41

20mg daily

Question 42

Sacaysa dosing

Answer 42

60mg daily