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PANCE > Ortho > Flashcards

Ortho Flashcards

1
Q

Most common salter harris

A

type 2

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2
Q

worse salter harris

A

type 5 (as number goes up the potential for growth problems goes up)

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3
Q

child abuse fractures

A 
long bone fractures
spiral fractures (except tibia)
posterior ribs
bucket handle fractures
corner fracture
lateral parietal skull fracture
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4
Q

osteogenesis imperfecta

A

blue sclera

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5
Q

posterior shoulder dislocation

A

seizure, lightning, elecrocuted

lightbulb sign

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6
Q

nerve need to be checked out

A

shoulder dislocation- axilary

humerus fracture -radial (wrist drop)

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7
Q

most common arm fracture in kids and adults

A

kids- supracondylar humeral fracture (FOOSH)

adults- distal radial

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8
Q

ankylosing spondylitis

A 
bamboo spine
sacro ilitis at start
mornign stiffness that gets better as move
can get iritis 
hla b27
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9
Q

cauda equina

A

most common cause is herniated central disc (central cause bilateral)
incontince, saddle parathesias, sexual dysfucntion
post void residual- one way to check

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10
Q

ankle reflexes

A 
achilles s1 (tibial)
bicep- c5 (musculocutaneous)
brachioradialis c6 (radial)
tricep c7 (radial)
patellar L4 (femoral)
dorsiflection L5 (tibial)
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11
Q

spinal stenosis

A

lumbar most common

cervical more serious

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12
Q

jefferson fracture

A

fracture of c1

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13
Q

menumonic for unstable fracture

A 
jefferson
bit (bifacet dislocatoin)
a (any fracture w/ dislocation)
hangmans (c2 fracture)
tit (teardrop fracture)
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14
Q

central cord syndrome

A

upper extremity weakness > then lower extremity

elderly women w/ fall and ligamentum flavum pinches cord

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15
Q

anterior cord

A

pain and temp out

still have vibration and proprioception

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16
Q

posterior cord

A

syphillis
b12 vitamin deficiency
propioception and vibration out

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17
Q

brown sequard

A

penetrating trauma usually
ipsilateral paralysis
contralateral sensory

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18
Q

scfe tx

A

x ray- melted ice cone

pinn it

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19
Q

legg calve perthes disease

A

due to avascular necrosis
4-8 yrs old
moth eaten joint on x ray
tx- abduction brace and nsaids

20
Q

tx for hip dysplasia

A

Pavlik brace (abduction brace)

21
Q

most common fracture

A

trachanteric fracture

22
Q

patella tendon rupture

A

can’t do straight leg raise

can be due to fluoroquinolone or steroids

23
Q

deep peroneal nerve

A

L5 webspace

extension of toe

24
Q

ottawa ankle rules

A

tenderness at lateral or medial maleolus, navicular, base of 5th metatarsal
unable to bear weight on field or in er (4 steps)

25
Q

snowboarders fracture

A

fracture of talus

26
Q

maisoneuve fracture

A

proximal fibula fracture w/ tearing deltoid ligament on medial side or fracture of medial malleolus
tx- orif

27
Q

lisfranc fracture

A

fracture of 2nd metatarsal
important fracture. stability of arches
surgery

28
Q

achilles tendon rupure

A

partial- check with US

if partial splint in equinas position (plantar flexion)

29
Q

tx for osteomyelitis

A

6 weeks iv abx. 1-2 wk oral abx

30
Q

dog and cat bite

A

pasturella multocida

rapid evolving w/ likely lymphagitis streak

31
Q

human bite

A

eikenella carodens

32
Q

reptile bites

A

salmonella

33
Q

cat scratch fever

A 
bartonella henselae
get buboe (lymph node enlargement)
34
Q

multiple myeloma

A 
most common bone primary
bence jones protein 
hypercalcemia
lytic lesions
plasma cells
M protein (monoclonal spike0
35
Q

ewing sarcoma

A

young ppl
5-25 years
onion skinning

36
Q

osteosarcoma

A

distal femur
proximal tibia
sunburst pattern

37
Q

chrondrosarcoma

A

> 60 years

38
Q

lytic lesions

A 
prostate
breast
kidney
thyroid
lung
skin
PB KTLS
39
Q

most common place for RA

A

hand

40
Q

most common place for OA

A

knee

41
Q

mallet finger

A

opposite of jersey finger

splint finger in hyperextension

42
Q

tuft fracture

A

fracture at distal phylange (hit finger with hammer)

43
Q

bull riding thumb

A

radial collaeral ligament at base of thumb

44
Q

game keeper thumb

A

ulnar collateral ligament

45
Q

kanaval sign for flexor tenosynovitis

A
  1. Fusiform soft tissue swelling (sheath stops between DIP and PIP)
  2. held in flexion
  3. pain on passive extension
  4. pain when push proximal to sheath
46
Q

compartment syndrome

A

1st symptoms pain
last pulselessness
tib fib most common in adults

PANCE (14 decks)

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