ortho Flashcards
commonly replaced joints
knee
hip
shoulder
indications for joint replacement
OA
fracture
septic arthritis
bone tumour
RA
hemiarthroplasty
half the joint is replaced
what happens in a total hip replacement
lateral incision
metal/ceramic replacement head of femur
stem cemented or uncemented
acetabulum hollowed out and replaced with metal socket
what happens in a total knee replacement
vertical anterior incision
articular surfaces of femur and tibia removed and replaced with metal
spacer added
what happens in a total shoulder replacement
usually anterior incision
head of humerus replaced and glenoid socket replaced my metal
what is a reverse shoulder replacement
sphere in glenoid and cup to replace head of humerus
VTE prophylaxis THR
LMWH 28d
VTE prophylaxis TKR
LMWH 14d
common cause prosthetic joint infection
staph aureus
RF prosthetic joint infection
prolonged operation
obese
DM
mx prosthetic joint infection
irrigation
debridement
replacement
+abx
what is a compound #
skin broken
what is a stable #
sections of bone still in allignment
types of fracture
transverse
oblique
spiral
segmental
comminuted
compression
typically only in children
greenstick
buckle
what # can only happen in children
salter-harris (growth plate)
what is a colles fracture
transverse # distal radius and the distal portion displaces posteriorly (up) = dinner fork deformity
cause colles #
fall onto outstretched hand
common cause scaphoid #
fall onto outstretched hand
sx scaphoid #
tenderness in anatomical snuffbox
why is there a risk of avascular necrosis and non union with scaphoid #
retrograde blood supply
bones with vulnerable blood supply
scaphoid, femoral head, humeral head, talus, navicular, 5th metatarsal
weber classification for # lateral malleolus
A=below ankle joint therefore syndesmosis intact
B=at joint therefore syndesmosis intact or partially torn
C=abive joint therefore syndesmosis disrupted