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AQA Psychology - Approaches > Origins of Psychology > Flashcards

Origins of Psychology Flashcards

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1
Q

Define psychology:

A

The scientific study of the human mind and its functions, especially those functions affecting behaviour in a given context

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2
Q

When was psychology derived from?

A

Philosophy

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3
Q

What was Rene Descartes?

A

Cartesian Dualism

-Mind and the body are separate

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4
Q

Who was the starting point of psychology?

A

Rene Descartes

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5
Q

Who had a concept of empiricism?

A

John Locke

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6
Q

What was John Locke’s concept?

A

EMPIRICISM

  • all knowledge derived from sensory experience
  • can be studied by the use of scientific methods
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7
Q

Did John Lock influence the emergence of psychology as a science?

A

Yes

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8
Q

What did Charles Darwin propose?

A

The EVOLUTIONARY THEORIES

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9
Q

Who published a book on psychology ‘Principles of Physiological Psychology’?

A

Wilhelm Wundt

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10
Q

When was ‘Principles of Physiological Psychology’ published?

A

1873

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11
Q

Who opened the fist psychology lab in Germany?

A

Wilhelm Wundt

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12
Q

When did Wilhelm Wundt open the first psychology lab?

A

1979

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13
Q

What is Wilhelm Wundt known as?

A

The father of pscyhology

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14
Q

What approach did Wilhelm Wundt form?

A

Structuralism

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15
Q

What is Structuralism?

A

To study the structure of the human mind, by breaking down behaviours into their basic elements

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16
Q

Who used introspection?

A

Wilhelm Wundt

17
Q

What is introspection?

A
  • To investigate the human mind

- Participants asked to reflect on their own cognitive processes and describe them

18
Q

How did Wundt establish psychology as a science?

A

Using scientific methods

19
Q

What are the strengths of introspection?

A

-Still used today to gain access to cognitive processes

20
Q

What are the weaknesses of introspection?

A
  • Non-observable responses
  • A true scientific method should be focusing on phenomenons that can be observed and measured
  • Presents subjective data
  • Difficult to establish a general principle
21
Q

Who used highly controlled laboratory experiments?

A

Watson

-Behaviourist Approach

22
Q

Highly controlled laboratory experiments are….

A

objective, empirically tested and replicable.

23
Q

What can occur due to highly controlled laboratory experiments?

A

Theories can be developed to explain human behaviours

24
Q

What is objectivity?

A

Basing findings on fact, rather than opinion

25
Q

What is subjectivity?

A

Basing findings on opinion rather than fact

26
Q

What is replicability?

A

The ability to repeat a study and achieve the same findings

27
Q

What is empirical methods?

A

Phenomenon that can be observed and measured. Testing scientifically

AQA Psychology - Approaches (8 decks)

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