Origins of Psychology

Question 1

Define psychology:

Answer 1

The scientific study of the human mind and its functions, especially those functions affecting behaviour in a given context

Question 2

When was psychology derived from?

Answer 2

Philosophy

Question 3

What was Rene Descartes?

Answer 3

Cartesian Dualism

-Mind and the body are separate

Question 4

Who was the starting point of psychology?

Answer 4

Rene Descartes

Question 5

Who had a concept of empiricism?

Answer 5

John Locke

Question 6

What was John Locke’s concept?

Answer 6

EMPIRICISM

• all knowledge derived from sensory experience
• can be studied by the use of scientific methods

Question 7

Did John Lock influence the emergence of psychology as a science?

Answer 7

Yes

Question 8

What did Charles Darwin propose?

Answer 8

The EVOLUTIONARY THEORIES

Question 9

Who published a book on psychology ‘Principles of Physiological Psychology’?

Answer 9

Wilhelm Wundt

Question 10

When was ‘Principles of Physiological Psychology’ published?

Answer 10

1873

Question 11

Who opened the fist psychology lab in Germany?

Answer 11

Wilhelm Wundt

Question 12

When did Wilhelm Wundt open the first psychology lab?

Answer 12

1979

Question 13

What is Wilhelm Wundt known as?

Answer 13

The father of pscyhology

Question 14

What approach did Wilhelm Wundt form?

Answer 14

Structuralism

Question 15

What is Structuralism?

Answer 15

To study the structure of the human mind, by breaking down behaviours into their basic elements

Question 16

Who used introspection?

Answer 16

Wilhelm Wundt

Question 17

What is introspection?

Answer 17

• To investigate the human mind

- Participants asked to reflect on their own cognitive processes and describe them

Question 18

How did Wundt establish psychology as a science?

Answer 18

Using scientific methods

Question 19

What are the strengths of introspection?

Answer 19

-Still used today to gain access to cognitive processes

Question 20

What are the weaknesses of introspection?

Answer 20

• Non-observable responses
• A true scientific method should be focusing on phenomenons that can be observed and measured
• Presents subjective data
• Difficult to establish a general principle

Question 21

Who used highly controlled laboratory experiments?

Answer 21

Watson

-Behaviourist Approach

Question 22

Highly controlled laboratory experiments are….

Answer 22

objective, empirically tested and replicable.

Question 23

What can occur due to highly controlled laboratory experiments?

Answer 23

Theories can be developed to explain human behaviours

Question 24

What is objectivity?

Answer 24

Basing findings on fact, rather than opinion

Question 25

What is subjectivity?

Answer 25

Basing findings on opinion rather than fact

Question 26

What is replicability?

Answer 26

The ability to repeat a study and achieve the same findings

Question 27

What is empirical methods?

Answer 27

Phenomenon that can be observed and measured. Testing scientifically