Origins of Civil War 1936-46 1. Condition of China 1936

Question 1

What was the Northern Expedition?

Answer 1

It was when the Capital moved from Bejing to Nanjing to show more authority over Warlords.

Question 2

What were cities like in China at this time?

Answer 2

the had flourishing economic and cultural life, there were cotton factories which became China’s largest export. Infrastructure was being built and steamers became common. Western medicine was being introduced to Hospitals. Shanghai film industry.

Question 3

What was the countryside like at this time?

Answer 3

Where vast majority lived and worked, little education, traditional medicine and foot binding. Concubines still owned by rich men.

Question 4

What influence did Japan have then?

Answer 4

Controlled Manchuria and Korean peninsula, treaty ports were set up to exploit China’s natural resources. They took Manchuria + inner Mongolia. Manchukuo puppet state.

Question 5

Who was Jiang Jeishi and how did he maintain control?

Answer 5

• leader of GMD, trained in Moscow, nicknamed himself ‘generalissimo’,
• NRA (Army)
• Military Bureau of Stats
  (Secret police)
• Made Big Ears Du (gangster) head of Opium Suppression Group

Question 6

What were the 3 principals?

Answer 6

1. Nationalism = get rid of external Influence
2. Democracy = different to the Wests and unite the nation
3. Peoples livelihoods = everyone had a place in society, new life movement to stop Chinese peoples habits e.g. smoking and casual sex.