Origins, insertions + actions of plantar intrinsic foot muscles

Question 1

Adductor hallucis (oblique head)

Answer 1

Origin: Plantar aspects of metatarsal 2-4.
Insertion: Lateral aspect of base of proximal phalanx of great toe.
Action: Adducts great toe.
NS: Lateral Planter nerve.
BS: Medial + lateral planter arteries + deep plantar arteries.

Question 2

Adductor hallucis (transverse head)

Answer 2

Origin: Deep transverse metatarsal ligament.
Insertion: Lateral aspect of base of proximal phalanx of great toe.
Action: Adducts great toe.
NS: Lateral Planter nerve.
BS: Medial + lateral planter arteries + deep plantar arteries.

Question 3

Flexor hallucis brevis

Answer 3

Origin: Tendon of tibialis posterior + Plantar surface of cuboid.
Insertion: Medial + lateral aspect of base of proximal phalanx of great toe.
Action: Flexes great toe.
NS: Medial Plantar nerve.
BS: Medial + lateral plantar arteries + deep plantar arch.

Question 4

Lumbricals

Answer 4

Origin: Tendon of flexor digitorium longus.
Insertion: Dorsal surface of proximal phalanges 2-5.
Action: Flexion of MTP joint, Extension of PIP + DIP joints.
NS: Medial + lateral plantar nerves.
BS: Deep plantar arch.

Question 5

Quadratus Plantae

Answer 5

Origin: Medial + Lateral aspects of calcaneus.
Insertion: Tendon of flexor digitorium longus.
Action: Flexion of digits 2-4.
NS: Lateral plantar nerve.
BS: Medial + lateral plantar arteries + deep planter arch.

Question 6

Flexor digiti minimi

Answer 6

Origin: Plantar aspect of base of 5th metatarsal.
Insertion: Plantar aspect of base of proximal phalanx 5.
Action: Flexion of digit 5.
NS: Lateral plantar nerve.
BS: Lateral plantar arteries.

Question 7

Abductor digiti minimi

Answer 7

Origin: Calcaneal tuberosity + Plantar fascia.
Insertion: Lateral aspect of base of proximal phalanx 5.
Action: Abducts digit 5.
NS: Lateral plantar nerve.
BS: Lateral plantar artery.

Question 8

Flexor digitorium brevis

Answer 8

Origin: Calcaneal tuberosity + Plantar fascia.
Insertion: Plantar aspects of phalanges 2-5.
Actions: FLexes digits 2-5.
NS: Medial Plantar nerve.
BS: Medial + Lateral plantar arteries.

Question 9

Abductor hallucis

Answer 9

Origin: Calcaneal tuberosity + Plantar fascia.
Insertion: Medial aspect of base of proximal phalanx of great toe.
Action: Abducts great toe.
NS: Medial plantar nerve.
BS: Medial + lateral plantar artery.