ORGANIZING AND STAFFING Flashcards
management function that provides the relationship between people and the activities that they will undertake to fullfill their organizational objectives
Organizing
entity that results from people joining together in pursuit of a common cause.
Organization
defined as self-contained (all that you need) collection of interacting interdependent components (between the element), working together toward a common purpose
Organizational system
The process through which needed resources are acquired and replaced.
Input mechanism
Example of input mechanism
● People
● Test request
● Specimen
● Information supplies
● Financial resources
The internal process whereby resources received through the input channels.
Transformation
Examples of transformation
● Test performance
● Personnel
● Instrument
● Expertise
The process of delivering the goods and services produced to the external environment.
Output mechanism
Examples of output mechanism
● Test Result
● Consultation
● Salaries
● Information
● Wastes
Characteristics of organization
● Holistic and synergistic with clearly defined boundaries
● Have purposeful activity or primary task
● Develop into hierarchy of system
● Organizations operate as ope n systems
● Seeks a state of stability and equilibrium
● Self – regulating
A process where a group is formed including the lines of communication channeling of authority, span of control and making decision
Organizational structure
● Decentralized structure
● Span of control and authority is
widened
● There is participation in the lower level of management
Flat
Pyramid
● Centralized structure.
● The managers have full control of
members.
● One authority at a one place
Bureaucratic / Line / Hierarchical
● Oldest and simplest form
● Rule centered structure
● Associated with chain of command
● Downward communication
Combination of flat and pyramid type.
Shared governance
Characteristic of Organizational Structure
● Division of labor
● Chain of command
● Span of control
● Level of management position
● Organizational relationship
direct relationship, uninterrupted. Generated and developed in terms of pattern and structure
Formal
dotted line, coordinated relationship. Unethical or unprofessional
Informal
Types of organizational structures
- flat
- pyramid
- bureaucratic / line / hierarchical
- shared governance
Forms of organization
- formal bureaucracy
- informal group
● Lines of authority assigned by the owners of the organization.
● The members of this group know whom they work,
● whom they supervise,
● How their department relates to other
groups and even who supervise their boss
Formal bureaucracy
Alliance that form outside the boundaries of the formal bureaucracy from the interaction and allegiance of people with common interest.
Informal group
includes type of equipment, level of automation, nature of the product or service to be produced.
Tasked to be performed
number of people needed and availability to perform the work are very important in an organization. Motivation also plays a very important factor.
People involved
includes the total space available, amount of storage room, the visibility and accessibility of workers, supervisors and proximity of test areas.
Workplace
Enumerate design elements and factors
- task to be performed
- people involved
- workplace
all decisions be checked with headquarters before action can be taken.
Bureaucratic models
each job has a formally established set of official duties.
Modern job description
based chain of command.
Hierarchy
consistently applied.
Rules and regulations
based on qualification and performance
Hiring and firing
specific jobs needs.
Situational models
Enumerate design strategies and model
- modern job description
- hierarchy
- rules and regulations
- hiring and firing
repetitive tasks and need minimally trained workforce
Routine strategy
non repetitive work performed by a professionally prepared staff
Engineering strategy
applied to produce best, unique products whereby workers are extremely skilled
Craft strategy
for work that requires investigation such as the structural development
Discover strategy
formal written presentation of the structural PLAN OF THE ORGANIZATION
Organizational chart
Principles of Organizational Structure and Authority
- Departmentalization
- Decentralization
- Unity of command
- Scalar principle
- Span of control
- Exceptions principle
Authority taking the straight-line route (direct). Superior and subordinate in terms of decision making. Giving order in terms of production or sales and finance
Line authority
Type of authority the personnel office exerts (indirect). Improving the effectiveness of the line personnel to perform their tasks.
Staff authority
Exercise control within the boundaries of a professional’s specialty. Covers only specific tasks.
Functional authority
