organization development Flashcards
the first step toward organizational change, in which employees look for practices and policies that waste time
and are counterproductive.
sacred cow hunt
unnecessary paperwork
paper cow
unnecessary number and length of meetings
meeting cow
unnecessary deadlines
speed cow
model of systemwide change that helps change agents diagnose the forces that drive and restrain proposed organizational change.
kurt lewin’s force field analysis model
the organization must convince the employees and stakeholders that the current status quo is unacceptable.
unfreezing
implement change; conduct training, new work processes para magmove yung org sa desired state.
freezing / changing
to sustain; develop ways to keep the changes in place; for the people involved to consider the new change as the new
status quo.
refreezing
carnall’s stage of change acceptance
denial, defense, discarding, adaptation, internalization
denies that any changes will occur; give reasons why new
change will never be successful.
denial
start to believe that change will occur. defensive stance by
justifying yung previous ways of doing things.
defense
begin to realize that change is inevitable. they understand that along with org changes, they also need to
change.
discarding
they spend a great deal of their energy and time to learn the
changes sa system. learn thru adjusting–trial and error
adaptation
the employee is immersed sa new culture. comfortable sa new system, new coworkers, and new environment
internalization
the continual process of upgrading or improving processes.
evolutionary
“real jolt to the system” that drastically changes
the way things are done.
revolutionary
the person making the change has the following:
popularity, degree of respect, history of successful change
they enjoy change and they often make changes just for the
sake of it.
change agents
they are not afraid to make changes, but they want to make changes only if it would improve the organization.
change analysts
they do not initiate change, but they are willing to change.
receptive changers
they will not initiate, but they will change if necessary.
reluctant changers
they do not want change. they will do anything they can to
keep change from happening.
change resisters
leader makes their own decision based sa available
information
autocratic I
the leader collects information sa subordinates and decide on their own.
autocratic II
the leader consults with the members individually para
magkaroon ng information and to facilitate output. the leader will make the decision. The decision may/may
not be consistent sa thinking ng group.
consultative I
pwede magconsult sa bawat isa yung mga members at pwede rin magbigay ng alternatives. leader- no obligation to
consider group inputs sa final decision.
consultative II
group-based decision strategy
group I
levels of employee input
absolute
shared/participative/team
advisory
ownership of own output
following
employees have absolute authority to make a decision on
his own.
absolute
employees have an equal vote with management or other
employees. reaches decisions through group consensus or voting
shared/participative/team
employees provide feedback, suggestions and input
advisory
employees are responsible for their own quality control. control is only at the individual level.
ownership of own output
work is closely checked by others. employee is closely supervised
following
A work schedule that allows employees to choose their own
work hours. Offered by 53% of organizations in 2011. 33% of employees choose to use it
flexitime
three basic components of flexitime
bandwidth, core hours, flexible hours
three kinds of flexible hours
gliding time, flexitour, modified flexitour
Regular work schedule: 5 days, 8 hours
(40 hours). commonly pursued for:
◆ 10 hours a day for 4 days
◆ 12 hours a day for 3 days
compressed work weeks
certain employees are encouraged to work only part time but are paid at a higher hourly rate for those hours than employees who work full-time.
peak-time pay
two employees share one job by splitting the work hours.
job sharing
