1-2

Question 1

the scientist practitioner model

Answer 1

scientist: conducts research
practitioner: work with organizations

Question 2

two approaches in order to accomplish the goal of I/O

Answer 2

industrial and organizational

Question 3

determines the competencies needed to perform a job, staffing the organization with competent employees, and increasing those competencies through training

Answer 3

industrial approach

Question 4

form an organizational structure and culture that will motivate employees to perform well, provide safe working conditions and result in enjoyable working condition

Answer 4

organizational approach

Question 5

analyzing jobs, recruiting applicants, selecting employees

Answer 5

personnel field

Question 6

concerned with leadership concerns, job satisfaction, employee motivation, organizational communication, conflict management

Answer 6

organizational field

Question 7

interaction between human and machine, workplace design, physical fatigue and stress

Answer 7

human ergonomics

Question 8

health and safety; prevent hazards

Answer 8

occupational health and safety

Question 9

the theory of advertising (1903)

Answer 9

walter dill scott

Question 10

psychology and industrial efficiency (1910)

Answer 10

hugo munsterberg

Question 11

increasing human efficiency in business (1911)

Answer 11

walter dill scott

Question 12

hawthorne studies (1930)

Answer 12

Elton Mayo: employees became more productive because they are being studied

Question 13

coordinated grp of ppl who perform tasks to produce goods or services. aka. company

Answer 13

organization

Question 14

a set of propositions that explains or predicts how grps and indivs behave in varying org structures and circumstances

Answer 14

organizational structure

Question 15

three organizational theories

Answer 15

classical, neoclassical, systems

Question 16

focuses mainly on structural relationships in organizations

Answer 16

classical theory

Question 17

four basic components of an organization

Answer 17

1. a system of differentiated activities
2. people
3. cooperation toward a goal (unity of purpose)
4. authority (superior-subordinate relationships)

Question 18

four major structural principles

Answer 18

functional, scalar, line/staff, span-of-control

Question 19

division of labor. organizations should be divided into units that perform similar functions

Answer 19

functional principle

Question 20

organizations are structured by a chain of command that grows with increasing levels of authority. unity of command

Answer 20

scalar principle

Question 21

directly meets organizational goals
supports line activities

Answer 21

line functions and staff functions (line/staff principle)

Question 22

number of subordinates a manager is responsible for supervising

Answer 22

span-of-control principle

Question 23

large span of control, small hierarchy

Answer 23

flat structure

Question 24

small span of control, large hierarchy

Answer 24

tall structure

Question 25

planning of work to achieve efficiency, standardization, specialization, and simplification

Answer 25

scientific management (taylor, 1947)

Question 26

characterised by many rules, everything is standardised, meticulous division of labor and responsibility, clear hierarchies

Answer 26

beureaucratic (weber, 1947)

Question 27

accomplishment of tasks, and include principles of mangement, the concepts of line and staff, committees and functions of management

Answer 27

administrative (fayol, 1949)

Question 28

scientific management principles

Answer 28

1. science, not rule of thumb
2. scientific selection of the worker
3. management and labor cooperation
4. scientific training of the worker

Question 29

bureaucratic principles

Answer 29

1. structure
2. specialization
3. predictability and stability
4. rationality
5. democracy

Question 30

elements of administrative theory

Answer 30

1. line and staff
2. committee (functions)
3. functions of management
4. principles (14)

Question 31

increases productivity

Answer 31

division of specialization

Question 32

taking orders from one superior only

Answer 32

unity of command

Question 33

visions and mission

Answer 33

unity of direction

Question 34

group goals

Answer 34

subordination of individual interest

Question 35

time, job, profit-sharing, bonuses

Answer 35

remuneration of personnel

Question 36

duty of management is to offer job security

Answer 36

stability of tenure of personnel

Question 37

team spirit

Answer 37

espirit de corps

Question 38

principles of neoclassical theory

Answer 38

1. individual
2. work group
3. participative management

Question 39

complex system that works together, interdependence

Answer 39

systems approach

Question 40

transforming tech into meaningful tools

Answer 40

socio-technical

Question 41

decision theory. viewed organizations as a structure composes of choice makers, and argues that there is no right way to make a decision

Answer 41

contingency/ situational approach

Question 42

five parts of an organization according to systems theory

Answer 42

1. individuals
2. formal organization
3. small groups
4. status and roles
5. physical setting