Organization Flashcards
Term: Deductive
Meaning: A way to build a successful argument. This is an extremely logical kind of argument that should if used properly, result in solid conclusions.
Example #1: This is an extremely logical kind of argument that should, if used properly, result in solid conclusions.
Example #2: Johnny and his brother do not wear glasses, it means that Johnny also does not wear glasses. Therefore, both have good eyesight.
Term: Inductive
Meaning: A method of reasoning that moves from specific instances to a general conclusion.
Example #1: All the kids in the park can jump; therefore, Ilene’s kid can jump also.
Example #2: A third marble from the bag is black. Therefore all the marbles in the bag are black.
Term: Idea/ Example
Meaning: Words or word phrases that are used to convey meaning, provoke a response from a listener or reader and to persuade during communication.
Example #1: A chef coming up with a new menu item.
Example #2: The employee is showing the trainee what not to do in the event of a fire.
Term: Cause/ Effect
Meaning:A cause is something that produces an event or condition; an effect is what results from an event or condition.
Example #1: Cause: I flipped the light switch. Effect: The light came on.
Example #2: Cause: An oil spill causes crude oil to spill into the water. Effect: Many plants and animals in the water died.
Term: Description
Meaning: Re-create, invent, or visually present a person, place, event, or action so that the reader can picture that which is being described.
Example #1: His blue eyes bloom the dark atmosphere; like the light at the end of a tunnel or something you would see that would make you smile.
Example #2: Her last smile to me wasn’t a sunset. It was an eclipse, the last eclipse, noon dying away to darkness where there would be no dawn.
Term: Process Analysis
Meaning: Explains how something happened or happened.
Example #1: How a hot dog is made.
Example #2: How a phase transition from a gas to a solid occurs.
Term: Narration
Meaning: Is to tell a story or narrate an event or series of events.
Example #1: You have friends who actually care about you and speak the language of the inner self.
Example #2: He shoved at his hair, wished he could delude himself so he could just go back to sleep, but he knew if he closed his eyes again, he’d be right back in the little library, right back beside the body of his murdered wife.
Term: Comparison/ Contrast
Meaning: a consideration or estimate of the similarities between two things or people./ the state of being strikingly different from something else in juxtaposition or close association.
Example #1: His grade in English is worse than mine.
Example #2: Unlike most babies, Stuart could walk as soon as he was born.
Term: Exposition
Meaning: Expository writing is academic and professional, containing research, data, and concrete facts. The purpose of expository writing is to educate the reader, using these facts to explain an idea or concept clearly.
Example #1: The opening scene of Up has wordless montage is a perfect display of show don’t tell. It opens with the main character, Carl, as a young man and follows him through his marriage to his wife to old age and his wife’s death. This reveals to the viewer why Carl is the way he is throughout the rest of the movie and allows them to empathize with the character.
Example #2: Tommy kicked angrily at the rocks in front of him as he walked to the little store up the road. The gravel road was quiet, with only the dust from his feet rising up from the ground.
Term: Persuasion
Meaning: Is any writing in which the author tries to convince the reader to either think a particular way or take a specific action.
Example #1: Advertisers create catchy slogans to get people to buy products.
Example #2: Lawyers present emotional arguments to sway a jury.
Term: Repetition
Meaning: Help to emphasize a point and make a speech easier to follow.
Example #1: I have a dream that my four little children will […] I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia […] I have a dream today!
Example #2: What lies behind us and what lies before us are tiny compared to what lies within us.
Term: Syllogism
Meaning: A kind of logical argument that applies deductive reasoning to arrive at a conclusion based on two or more propositions (Major Premise and Minor Premise) that are asserted or assumed to be true.
Example #1: All mammals are animals (Major Premise). All elephants are mammals (Minor Premise). Therefore, all elephants are animals (Conclusion).”
Example #2: All humans are mortal (Major Premise). Socrates is human (Minor Premise. Therefore, Socrates is mortal (Conclusion).
