Organisms and their environment Flashcards
What is the principal source of energy input to biological systems?
The sun.
In what form does energy flow from the sun to the first trophic level?
Light.
Who converts light energy into chemical energy?
Producers.
Eventually , all energy is transferred to?
The environment.
What is an environment?
It is defined as the totality of the factors found in the surrounding of an organism which influence the organism.
What is the biosphere?
It includes the parts of the atmosphere, hydrosphere and lithosphere where life can be found.
What is an atmosphere?
It is the gaseous envelope surrounding the earth. i.e. Air component of the biosphere.
What is the hydrosphere?
It is the part of the earth covered by water i.e. water component of the biosphere.
What is the lithosphere?
It is the solid parts of the earth. i.e. rocky crust component of the biosphere.
What is a habitat?
It is an environment where organism naturally lives
List types of habitats
Aquatic
Terrestrial
List examples of aquatic habitats
Marine habitat
Freshwater
Brackish water
List examples of terrestrial habitats
Arboreal
Ground
Underground
What is a population?
A population is defined as the number of all organisms of the same species living together in the same habitat.
What is a community?
All the population of living organisms that exist together in a habitat.
What is an ecosystem?
The community of organisms in a habitat including the non-living part of the environment.
What is a niche?
It is defined as the specific place occupied by an organism and the activity it engages in, with reference to other organism.
