BIOLOGICAL MOLECULES (FOOD TESTS) Flashcards
What are carbohydrates?
Carbohydrates are made of long chains of identical, small sugar molecules.
What is the function of carbohydrates in the body?
Carbohydrates are used by the body to release energy and make the body work.
What is a carbohydrate molecule composed of?
A carbohydrate molecule is composed of one sugar molecule.
What are proteins?
Proteins are made up of chains of small molecules called amino acids.
How many different kinds of amino acids are there?
There are over 20 different kinds of amino acid.
What is the primary use of proteins in the body?
Proteins are used by the body for growth and repair.
What are fats made of?
Fats are made up of fat molecules, which contain fatty acids and glycerol.
What is the role of fats in the body?
Fats are used for energy storage, to keep heat in, and to make cell membranes.
What is the starting colour of Benedict’s solution?
Blue.
What colour does Benedict’s solution change to in a positive glucose test?
Orange or brick red.
What is the iodine test used for?
The iodine test is used to test for the presence or absence of starch.
What colour change indicates a positive iodine test for starch?
From orange-brown to blue-black.
What is the Biuret test used for?
The Biuret test is used to test for proteins.
What colour change indicates a positive Biuret test?
From blue to violet/purple.
What is the ethanol emulsion test used for?
The ethanol emulsion test is used for testing lipids.
What indicates a positive ethanol emulsion test?
A cloudy emulsion forming.
What does the DCPIP test detect?
The DCPIP test detects vitamin C.
What colour change indicates a positive DCPIP test?
The blue colour of the dye disappearing.
What are proteins made of?
Proteins are chains of different amino acids.
What are fats composed of?
Fats are composed of three fatty acid molecules attached to a glycerol molecule.
What are carbohydrates made of?
Carbohydrates are long chains of glucose and other simple sugars.
What is the process required for large molecules to be absorbed by the body?
Large molecules need to be broken down by digestion before they can be absorbed.
What are the three categories of molecules in living organisms?
Carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids.
What common element do carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids contain?
Carbon.
True or False: All biological molecules are described as organic molecules.
True.
