Organisation Flashcards

1
Q

Definition of a cell

A

Basic building blocks that make up all living organism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Definition of a tissue

A

A group of similar cells that work together to perform a particular function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Definition of an organ

A

A group of different tissues that work together to perform a particular function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Definition of an organ system

A

A group of organs that work together to perform a particular function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Definition of a multicellular organism

A

An organism made up of more that one cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Definition of digestive enzymes

A

Proteins that act as biological catalysts breaking chemical bonds and turning large insoluble molecules into smaller soluble ones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Where is protease made

A

Stomach
Small intestine
Pancreas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Where does protease act

A

Stomach
Small intestine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Where is lipase made

A

Small intestine
Pancreas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Where does lipase act

A

Small intestine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Where is amylase made

A

Salivary glands
Small intestine
Pancreas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Where does amylase act

A

Mouth
Small intestine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the function of the mouth

A

Chews up food to increase surface area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the function of the salivary glands

A

Releases saliva into the mouth (containing amylase)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Function of the Oesophagus

A

Connects mouth to stomach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Function of the stomach

A

Churns food and breaks down proteins (protease)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Function of the liver

A

Produces bile to emulsify fats and break them down

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Function of the Gaul bladder

A

Stores bile and releases it into the small intestine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Function of the pancreas

A

Produces digestive enzymes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Function of the Small intestine

A

Absorbs nutrients into the blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Function of the large intestine

A

Absorbs remaining water into the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Function of the rectum

A

Stores faeces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Function of the anus

A

Where the faeces leaves the body

24
Q

Examples of mechanical digestion

A

Chewing
Stomach churning

25
Examples of chemical digestion
Enzymes
26
What does amylase break down
Starch into glucose
27
What does carbohydrase break down
Carbohydrates into simple sugars
28
What does protease break down
Protein into amino acids
29
What does lipase break down
Lipids (fats) into glycerol and fatty acids
30
How are alveoli adapted for diffusion
Large surface area 1 cell thick wall (shorter diffusion distance) Large supply of blood (steep concentration gradient)
31
What happens to enzymes at cold temperatures
The enzymes don’t have enough kinetic energy to break down food, so are inactive
32
What happens to enzymes at hot temperatures
Bonds in the enzyme break, causing the active site to de-nature, changing shape and no longer being complementary to the substrate
33
What does the diaphragm do when inhaling
Contracts/pulls
34
What does the diaphragm do when exhaling
Relaxes/moves upward
35
What do the intercostal muscles do when inhaling
Contract/pulls up and out
36
What do the intercostal muscles do when exhaling
Relax/moves down and in
37
How does the lung volume change in inhalation
Increases
38
How does the lung volume change in exhalation
Decreases
39
How does the lung pressure change in inhalation
Decreases
40
How does the lung pressure change in exhalation
Increases
41
Blood flows from the vena cava into…
…the right atrium
42
The right atrium contracts and pushes the blood to the…
…right ventricle
43
The right ventricle contracts and pushes blood out of the…
…pulmonary artery to the lungs
44
Blood flows from the lungs to the…
…pulmonary vein
45
Blood flows from the pulmonary vein to the…
…Left atrium
46
The left atrium contracts and pushes blood to the…
…left ventricle
47
The left ventricle contracts and pushes blood out of the…
…aorta to the body’s cells
48
What is a single circulatory system
Goes through the heart once in a full circuit
49
What is a double circulatory system
Goes through the heart twice in a full circuit
50
What is the function of an artery
Takes blood away from the heart
51
What is the function of a vein
Takes blood to the heart
52
What is the function of capillaries
Exchanges substances in and out of the blood
53
Artery structure
Thick walls Narrow lumen
54
Vein structure
Thin walls Wide lumen Valves
55
Capillary structure
One cell thick Very narrow lumen