organic synthesis Flashcards
factors to consider when planning a synthetic route
- reagents required
- presence of other f.g which may also react
- conditions - temp,pressure,catalyst
- Rate
- yield - eqm reactions produce lower yield
- atom economy
- toxicity and flammability of reagents and products
- cost of chemicals, demand for product
- purifications problems
- optical activity - producing one isomer only may be important for drug synthesis (also saves money as no need to discard half of product)
why should you avoid using a solvent ?
why are gas phase reactions preferrable?
if a solvent must be used what is the best option?
requires ectra separation processes to remove products from solvent - costly and reduces yield
gas phase reactions preferrable therefore as no solvent required
if a solvent must be used, water is the best option as its non-toxic, non-flammable and not volatile (many organic solvents are)
why should synthetic routes have the least possible steps with the highest atom economy?
fewer steps produce a higher yield (products lost at each step) and higher atom economy
a high atom economy is important because it means less byproducts are formed so less separation needed to obtain a high purity product (which increases yield). it also means there is less waste = lower disposal cost
